对5种食用菌(猴头菇、杏鲍菇、香菇、金针菇、鸡腿菇)液体发酵菌丝抗氧化活性进行分析比较。提取各发酵菌丝中多糖及蛋白并测定其清除超氧阴离子自由基O-2·、羟自由基·OH、DPPH自由基的能力及还原力的大小,并研究菌丝多糖及蛋白含量与抗氧化活性的关系。结果表明:大部分菌丝多糖及蛋白均具有一定的还原力及清除O-2·、·OH和DPPH自由基的能力。不同菌丝多糖及蛋白对同一自由基清除能力不同,同一菌丝多糖及蛋白对不同自由基清除能力亦不相同。利用综合评价法分析结果表明,5种食用菌菌丝多糖中,金针菇菌丝多糖的抗氧化活性最高,抗氧化活性顺序为金针菇>猴头菇>杏胞菇>香菇>鸡腿菇;5种食用菌菌丝蛋白中,猴头菇菌丝蛋白的抗氧化活性最高,抗氧化活性顺序为猴头菇>金针菇>杏胞菇>香菇>鸡腿菇。菌丝多糖及蛋白含量测定结果表明,多糖及蛋白含量越高,综合抗氧化活性越强。

We have analyzed and compared the antioxidant activity of liquid fermentation mycelium of five kinds of edible fungi.These edible fungi included Hericium erinaceus(Bull.) Per.,Pleurotus eryngii Quel.,Lentinus edodes(Berk.) sing.,Flammulina velutiper(Fr.) Sing,and Copyinds comatus(MUII.Fr) Gray.We have extracted the fermentation mycelium polysaccharide and protein of five edible fungi and determined their antioxidant activity.Antioxidant activity was evaluated by four methods,including the measure of reducing power and the evaluation of capacities of scavenging for superoxide anion free radical,hydroxy radical,and DPPH free radical.We also have studied the effect of the polysaccharides and protein content on the antioxidant activity.The results showed that the fermentation mycelium polysaccharide and protein had some reducing power and scavenging capacity to O· 2-,·OH and DPPH·.A comprehensive evaluation method had been established to evaluate the composite antioxidant capacity of fermentation mycelium polysaccharide and protein of five edible fungi.The results showed that the antioxidant activity of Flammulina velutiper(Fr.) Sing mycelium polysaccharide was the highest in the five mycelium polysaccharides.The order of antioxidant activity of mycelium polysaccharide from high to low was as followes: Flammulina velutiper(Fr.) Sing,Hericium erinaceus(Bull.) Per.,Pleurotus eryngii Quel.,Lentinus edodes(Berk.) Sing.,Copyinds comatus(MUII.Fr) Gray.Antioxidant activity of Hericium erinaceus mycelium protein was the highest in the five mycelium proteins.The order of antioxidant activity of mycelium protein from high to low was as followes: Hericium erinaceus(Bull.) Per.,Flammulina velutiper(Fr.) Sing,Pleurotus eryngii Quel.,Lentinus edodes(Berk.) Sing.,Copyinds comatus(MUII.Fr) Gray).Determination results of mycelia polysaccharide and protein content showed that the higher content of polysaccharide and protein,the stronger comprehensive antioxidant activity.