通过筛选高产色素的红曲霉菌株,探讨红曲霉菌株产色素能力以及红曲霉遗传多样性之间的相关性,以期为红曲霉更好的应用奠定基础。对41个红曲霉菌株进行固态发酵法研究其在发酵过程中产色素的能力,并结合ISSR分子标记对红曲霉以及高产色素的红曲霉菌株进行聚类分析。在产色素能力的研究比较中,41个红曲霉中的紫色红曲霉、橙色红曲霉和红色红曲霉相对于丛毛红曲霉、烟灰色红曲霉和白色红曲霉而言,具有更好的产色素能力,且紫色红曲霉相比较橙色红曲霉和红色红曲霉而言,高产红曲色素以及高产各个色素组分的能力更胜一筹,丛毛红曲霉在这6个种中产红曲色素能力最差,同种内的不同菌株产色素能力也差异显著。聚类分析结果显示,红曲霉的亲缘关系与其地理来源有一定的相关性,但种内聚类分析则显示高产色素的红曲霉菌株并不一定聚在一起。

The research herein aimed to screen strains of Monascus with high pigment production,to research the relationship between the capability of pigment production and genetic diversity of Monascus,so as to lay a foundation of further study on the application of Monascus. Methods: 41 Monascus strains were solid fermented,and the clustering analysis of strains with high pigment production was carried out through ISSR( Inter-simple sequence repeat) analysis. Results: The pigment productions of M. purpureus,M. aurantiacus and M. ruber strains were higher than those of M. pilosus, M. fumeus and M. albidulus strains. Moreover, the pigment productions and productivities of M. purpureus strains on each color component were higher than those of M. aurantiacus and M. ruber strains. M. pilosus had the lowest pigment productivity among these 6 species of Monascus. It was also shown that the pigment productivities of different strains in the same species were significantly different. Conclusion: According to the results from cluster analysis,the genetic relationship of Monascus strains had a certain correlation with their geographic sources. However,the results of intra-species clustering analysis suggested that the Monascus strains with high pigment production were not clustering at all.