为了比较池塘和稻虾共生养殖模式下红螯螯虾肌肉的主要营养成分及质构特性,分别采集3批样品进行相关指标检测。结果表明:2种养殖模式下红螯螯虾肌肉的粗蛋白、脂肪、水分、部分氨基酸和脂肪酸含量存在显著差异,池塘养殖模式下红螯螯虾肌肉中的含量均高于稻虾共生养殖模式;2种养殖模式下红螯螯虾肌肉质构无显著差异;品质评价显示,相对于池塘养殖模式,稻田养殖模式的化学评分(chemical score, CS)、氨基酸评分(amino acid score, AAS)、必需氨基酸指数(essential amino acid index, EAAI)值均与标准蛋白组成更接近,2种养殖模式的致动脉粥样化指数(atherogenic index, AI)、血栓形成指数(thrombogenic index, TI)和多烯指数(polyene index, PI)值均无显著性差异;脂肪酸相关性分析显示,池塘养殖模式下的红螯螯虾肌肉中的棕榈酸、棕榈油酸、十七碳酸、硬脂酸、α-亚麻酸、花生四烯酸、二十碳五烯酸、二十四碳酸和二十二碳六烯酸之间呈显著正相关,稻田养殖模式下的红螯螯虾肌肉中的十五碳酸、硬脂酸与肉豆蔻酸、二十碳一烯酸、二十二碳酸、二十二碳六烯酸与反式亚油酸呈显著正相关,花生四烯酸与二十四碳酸呈显著负相关。综合比较,池塘养殖模式下红螯螯虾肌肉的主要营养成分含量更高,而稻虾共生养殖模式下红螯螯虾肌肉品质更好。该研究可为养殖户及相关研究人员进一步明晰不同养殖模式下红螯螯虾的产出提供理论依据。
In order to compare the main nutrients and texture of Cherax quadricarinatus cultured in ponds and rice-shrimp symbiosis, three batches of samples were collected and analyzed. The statistics results showed that there were significant differences of Cherax quadricarinatus between two kinds of culture modes in crude protein and fat, water content, some amino acids and fatty acids. The contents of Cherax quadricarinatus in pond culture mode were higher than that in rice-shrimp symbiosis. Moreover, no significant differences in texture parameters of Cherax quadricarinatus between two kinds of culture modes. The quality evaluation showed that the values of CS, AAS and EAAI in rice-shrimp symbiosis were more similar to those of standard protein compared with pond culture mode, and there were no significant differences in AI, TI and PI of Cherax quadricarinatus between these two modes. Fatty acid correlation analysis revealed that palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, seventeen carbonic acid, stearic acid,α-linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, tetraeosanoieacid, docosahexaenoic acid were positively correlated with the muscles of Cherax quadricarinatus cultured in pond.Furthermore, there was a significant positive correlation between pentadecanoic acid, stearic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid, twenty-two carbonic acid, docosahexaenoic acid and trans linoleic acid in rice-shrimp symbiosis. Meanwhile, there was a significant negative correlation between arachidonic acid and twenty-four carbonic acid. By comprehensive comparison, the muscle of Cherax quadricarinatus in pond culture mode had higher content of main nutrients, but the muscle quality of Cherax quadricarinatus in rice-shrimp symbiosis was better. The results of this study could provide a theoretical basis for the farmers and relevant researchers to further clarify the production of Cherax quadricarinatus under different culture patterns.
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