以脱淀粉玉米纤维为原料,采用碱性过氧化氢提取工艺制备玉米阿拉伯木聚糖(corn arabinoxylan,CAX),并对CAX的化学组成、单糖组成和分子质量进行了表征,发现CAX主要含有木糖、阿拉伯糖,还含有少量的葡萄糖醛酸。对CAX和壳聚糖(chitosan,CH)混合物的成膜性及溶胀性能进行了研究,在酸性条件下,CAX与CH共溶,形成薄膜;薄膜在水中浸泡、溶胀,得到具有高溶胀能力的水凝胶。CAX与CH配比(CAX/CH)和酸化水pH影响CAX和CH混合物的成膜性和膜的溶胀性能及凝胶性。复合膜在碱液和水及不同pH值溶液下的溶胀行为为对各种刺激的反应是可逆的。用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、X-射线衍射表征复合膜结构,结果表明,CAX和CH分子间有很好的相容性,且CAX的葡萄糖醛酸羧基与CH的氨基之间产生静电相互作用,形成结构复杂、均匀的复合物。扫描电镜扫描成像显示CAX和CH复合膜溶胀后的水凝胶具有类似蜂窝状多孔的结构。
The preparation of arabinoxylan by alkaline hydrogen peroxide extraction from destarch corn fiber, the chemical composition, monosaccharide composition and molar mass of arabinoxylan was characterized. It was found that arabinoxylan mainly contained xylose, arabinose and a small amount of glucuronic acid. Moreover, this study explored the film-forming and swelling characteristics of the mixture of corn arabinoxylan (CAX) and chitosan (CH). Under acidic conditions, arabinoxylan and chitosan were co-dissolved to form a film, and the film was swelled by soaking in water to obtain hydrogel with high swelling ability. Furthermore, the ratio of CAX/CH and the pH of acidified water affect the film-forming properties of the mixture of arabinoxylan and chitosan and the swelling degree and gel properties of the film. Water uptake was also measured as a function of alkali liquor and different pH level, which showed that the response to various stimuli was reversible. The structure of the composite film was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results showed that there was good compatibility between arabinoxylan and chitosan molecules. And the electrostatic interaction between the glucuronic acid carboxyl group of arabinoxylan and the amino group of chitosan occurred, which forming a complex and uniform complex. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) scanning imaging showed that the swelled hydrogel of arabinoxylan and chitosan composite film had a honeycomb-like porous structure.
[1] IZYDORCZYK M S, BILIADERIS C G.Cereal arabinoxylans:Advances in structure and physicochemical properties[J].Carbohydrate Polymers, 1999, 28(1):33-48.
[2] SINGH V, DONER L W, JOHNSTON D, et al.Comparison of coarse and fine corn fiber for corn fiber gum yields and sugar profiles[J].Cereal Chemistry, 2000, 77(5):560-561.
[3] REIS S F, COELHO E, COIMBRA M A, et al.Improved efficiency of Brewer′s spent grain arabinoxylans by ultrasound-assisted extraction[J].Ultrason Sonochem, 2015, 24:155-164.
[4] MONTGOMERY R, SMITH F.Identification of the methylated aldobiouronic acid obtained from methyl corn hull hemicellulose[J].Journal of the American Chemical Society, 1957, 79(3):695-697.
[5] FIGUEROA-ESPINOZA M C, ROUAU X.Oxidative cross-linking of pentosans by a fungal laccase and horseradish peroxidase:Mechanism of linkage between feruloylated arabinoxylans[J].Cereal Chemistry, 1998, 75(2):259-265.
[6] YADAV M P, FISHMAN M L, CHAU H K, et al.Molecular characteristics of corn fiber gum and their influence on CFG emulsifying properties[J].Cereal Chemistry, 2007, 84(2):175-180.
[7] FREDON E, GRANET R, ZERROUKI R, et al.Hydrophobic films from maize bran hemicelluloses[J].Carbohydrate Polymers, 2002, 49:1-12.
[8] SRINIVASAN A, EKAMBARAMS P,PERUMAL S S.Chemical characterization and immunostimulatory activity of phenolic acid bound arabinoxylans derived from foxtail and barnyard millets[J].Journal Food Biochemistry, 2020, 44:1-9.
[9] ARULDHAS J, ERUSAPPAN T, HERRERABALANDRANO D D, et al.Alkali-extracted feruloylated arabinoxylans from nixtamalized maize bran byproduct:A synonymous with soluble antioxidant dietary fiber[J].Waste and Biomass Valorization, 2020, 11:403-409.
[10] 顾雪蓉, 朱育平.凝胶化学(第一版)[M].北京:化学工业出版社, 2005.
GU X R, ZHU Y P.Gel Chemistry (1 st Edition)[M].Beijing:Chemical Industry Press, 2005.
[11] COVIELLO T, MATRICARDI P, MARIANECCI C, et al.Polysaccharide hydrogels for modified release formulations[J].Journal of Controlled Release, 2007, 119:5-24.
[12] SLAUGHTER B V, KHURSHID S S, FISHER O Z, et al.Hydrogels in regenerative medicine[J].Advanced Materials, 2009, 21:1-23.
[13] GABRIELII I, GATENHOLM P.Preparation and properties of hydrogels based on hemicellulose[J].Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 1998, 69:1 661-1 667.
[14] GABRIELII I, GATENHOLM P, GLASSER W G, et al.Separation, characterization and hydrogel-formation of hemicellulose from aspen wood[J].Carboohydrate Polymers, 2000, 43(4):367-374.
[15] DONER L W, HICKS K B.Isolation of hemicellulose from corn fiber by alkaline hydrogen peroxide extraction[J].Cereal Chemistry, 1997, 74(2):176-181.
[16] DUBOIS M, GILLES K A, HAMILTON J K.Colorimetric method for determination of sugars and related substances[J].Analytical Chemistry, 1956, 28(3):350-356.
[17] 王铁良, 魏亮亮, 刘冰杰, 等.杜马斯燃烧法测定大豆水溶性蛋白含量的方法研究[J].中国油脂, 2019, 44(1):127-131.
WANG T L, WEI L L, LIU B J, et al.Method for determination of water-soluble protein content in soybean by Dumas combustion method[J].China Oils and Fats, 2019, 44(1):127-131.
[18] 中华人民共和国卫生部.GB 5009.4—2010 食品安全国家标准 食品中灰分的测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社, 2010.
Ministry of Health of the People′s Republic of China.GB 5009.4—2010 National food safety standard Determination of ash in foods[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China, 2010.
[19] 董彩霞. 索氏提取法测定食品脂肪含量应注意的问题[J].中国质量技术监督, 2014(7):73.
DONG C X.Problems needing attention in determination of food fat content by Soxhlet extraction method[J].China Quality and Technical Supervision, 2014(7):73.
[20] 尚庆. 玉米纤维多糖的提取、纯化及性质研究[M].齐齐哈尔:齐齐哈尔大学, 2016.
SHANG Q.Preparation and Properties of Corn Fiber Polysaccharides[M].Qiqihar:Qiqihar University, 2016.
[21] 戴军, 朱松, 汤坚, 等.PMP柱前衍生高效液相色谱法分析杜氏盐藻多糖的单糖组成[J].分析测试学报, 2007, 26(2):206-210.
DAI J, ZHU S, TANG J, et al.Analysis of monosaccharide compositions in polysaccharides from D.Salina by pre-column derivatization high performance liquid chromatography[J].Journal of Instrumental Analysis, 2007, 26(2):206-210.
[22] DONER L W, CHAU H K, FISHMAN M L, et al.An improved process for isolation of corn fiber gum[J].Cereal Chemistry, 1998, 75(4):408-411.
[23] 罗艳玲, 欧仕益.碱解玉米皮制备阿魏酸的研究[J].中国食品学报, 2007, 7(5):97-101.
LUO Y L, OU S Y.Studies on the preparation of ferulic acid from maize bran by alkaline hydrolysis[J].Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science and Technology, 2007, 7(5):97-101.
[24] 杨亚江. 聚皂凝胶在溶液中的溶胀-消溶胀研究[J].高分子学报, 1999(3):108-113.
YANG Y H.Swelling behaviour of polysoap hydrogels[J].Acta Polymerica Sinica, 1999(3):108-113.
[25] UMEMURA K, KAWAI S.Preparation and characterization of Maillard reacted chitosan films with hemicellulose model compounds[J].Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2008, 108(4):2 481-2 487.
[26] 吴培凤, 周德庆, 刘楠.浒苔半纤维素/壳聚糖复合水凝胶的制备及其强度的研究[J].应用化工, 2016, 45(12):2 313-2 316;2 325.
WU P F, ZHOU D Q, LIU N.Preparation and gel strength of enteromorpha prolifera hemicellulose / chitosan composite hydrogels[J].Applied Chemical Industry, 2016, 45(12):2 313-2 316;2 325.
[27] ESPINOSA-ANDREWS H, SANDOVAL-CASTILLA O, VAZQUEZ-TORRES H, et al.Determination of the gum arabic-chitosan interactionsby Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and characterization of the microstructure and rheological features of their coacervates[J].Carbohydrate Polymers, 2010, 79(3):541-546.
[28] FAN L H, SUN Y, XIE W G, et al.Oxidized pectin cross-linked carboxymethyl chitosan:A new class of hydrogels[J].Journal of Biomaterials Science, 2012, 23:2 119-2 132.
[29] HUGO E, JUAN G, FRANCISCO C E J.Gum arabic-chitosan complex coacervation[J].Biomacromolecules, 2007, 8:1 313-1 318.
[30] MESHALI M M, GABR K E.Effect of interpolymer complex formation of chitosan with pectin or acacia on the release behavior of chloropromazine HCl[J].International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 1993, 89:177-181.
