富硒酵母具有机硒含量高、生理活性好、安全无毒等优点,是硒补充剂的重要来源之一。该研究分别以果糖和葡萄糖为碳源,探讨果糖对多形汉逊酵母(Hansenula polymorpha)硒代谢及其基因表达的影响。通过HPLC-ICP-MS方法和二代测序分析酵母中硒代蛋氨酸(selenomethionine,Se-Met)和转录组变化。与葡萄糖发酵组相比,果糖发酵组酵母生长减缓,但其胞内Se-Met含量呈增加趋势;2个发酵组之间的显著性差异表达基因(differential expressed genes,DEGs)数量为221个;GO(Gene Ontology)和KEGG(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes)富集结果表明,这些DEGs主要富集在果糖和甘露糖代谢、糖酵解、磷酸戊糖通路、三羧酸循环等碳代谢,以及谷胱甘肽、半胱氨酸、蛋氨酸、硒复合物等多条代谢通路中。该研究为进一步分析果糖对多形汉逊酵母菌中硒代谢调控机制及富硒酵母发酵工艺优化提供参考。
Selenium-enriched yeast is one of the important sources of selenium supplement due to its high content of organic selenium, excellent physiological activity, and safety. In this study, glucose and fructose were employed respectively as carbon sources to investigate the effects of fructose on selenium metabolism and gene expression in Hansenula polymorpha. The selenomethionine levels in H. polymorpha were detected using HPLC-ICP-MS, and transcriptome profiles were investigated using the next-generation sequencing technology. Compared with the glucose fermentation group, the content of selenomethionine in H. polymorpha was increased when 80g/L fructose was added; however, the dry cell weight was decreased. A total of 221 differential expression genes (DEGs) were identified between the fructose-fermentation group and the glucose-fermentation group, among which 80 genes were up-regulated, and 141 genes were down-regulated. Based on the Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment, these DEGs were mainly enriched in fructose and mannose metabolism, glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway, tricarboxylic acid cycle, glutathione metabolism, as well as cysteine, methionine, and selenium complex metabolic pathways. This study provides a reference for further analysis of the effect of fructose on selenium metabolism in H. polymorpha and the optimization of fermentation conditions by selenium-enriched yeast.
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