食品安全是维护社会稳定、构建和谐社会的重要保障,食品安全基础问题研究是我国食品工业健康发展的有力保障。研究汇总了2020年全国、国家(本级)和各地区食品安全监督抽检情况,从食品品类、不合格项目、生产产地等多维度进行分析,发现存在的主要问题,为食品安全监管提供参考。2020年全国完成了6 387 366批次34类食品抽检,不合格率为2.31%。其中,餐饮食品、蔬菜制品、淀粉及淀粉制品和炒货食品及坚果制品不合格率均高于2.31%。主要风险指标为农兽药残留超标和微生物污染,累计占不合格批次总数的58.35%;长江以北地区食品风险程度偏高,不合格项目主要为食用农产品蔬菜中的腐霉利和水产中的恩诺沙星;不合格率高于全国平均水平的地区有甘肃(4.38%)、陕西(2.79%)和海南(2.60%);网络平台因准入条件宽松等原因导致检出不合格批次较多,进口食品主要为特殊膳食质量指标不符合标准。2020年全国食品安全状况在近5年中处中位水平,建议对一些高风险品类和项目指标加强监管,对网络平台食品重点把控,对高风险产地产品持续追踪。
毛佳琦
,
郑允允
,
焦文静
,
谢会君
,
闫桂丽
,
田卫环
,
付玉洁
,
王培
,
刘兵戈
. 基于多维度抽检数据的全国食品安全状况分析及对策探究[J]. 食品与发酵工业, 2022
, 48(5)
: 314
-320
.
DOI: 10.13995/j.cnki.11-1802/ts.028364
Food safety is an important guarantee for maintaining social stability and building a harmonious society.Research on basic food safety issues is a powerful guarantee for the healthy development of the food industry.To provide a reference for the regulatory authorities,this article analyzed the national and regional food safety in 2020 and found out the potential risks.And the analysis involved several dimensions such as major food categories,unqualified items,origins,etc.The results showed that in 2020,6 387 366 batches of foods were randomly inspected in 34 major categories,with an unqualified rate of 2.31%.The unqualified rate of catering food,vegetable products,starch and starch products,roasted seeds and nuts were all above 2.31%.The main food safety problems were pesticides and veterinary drug residues and microbial pollution accounted for 58.35% of the total number of unqualified items.The food safety risk was high in the south of the Yangtze River.The unqualified batches of procymidone in vegetables and enrofloxacin in aquatic products in edible agricultural products were relatively large.The unqualified rates were higher than the national average in Gansu(4.38%),Shaanxi(2.79%) and Hainan(2.60%).Many unqualified batches were detected on the network platform due to relaxed access conditions and other reasons.The main problems were unqualified quality indicators for special diet food in imported foods.The national food safety situation in 2020 is at a median level in the past five years.Inspection and supervision of high-risk categories and items in various regions or on the network platform should be strengthened.
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