食品与发酵工业 >

2022 , Vol. 48 >Issue 10: 183 - 187

DOI: https://doi.org/10.13995/j.cnki.11-1802/ts.027921

研究报告

采收期对毛叶山桐子油脂肪酸组成的影响

  • 杨塘榆 ,
  • 闻乐嫣 ,
  • 阚建全
展开
  • 1(西南大学 食品科学学院,重庆,400715)
    2(食品科学与工程国家级实验教学示范中心(西南大学),重庆,400715)
第一作者:本科生(阚建全教授为通信作者,E-mail:ganjq1965@163.com)

收稿日期: 2021-05-10

  修回日期: 2021-05-18

  网络出版日期: 2022-06-10

基金资助

国务院三峡办2018年度三峡后续工作科研项目(YYNY-2017-01)

收起

The effect of harvest time on the fatty acid compositions of I. polycarpa oil

  • YANG Tangyu ,
  • WEN Leyan ,
  • KAN Jianquan
Expand
  • 1(College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China)
    2(National Demonstration Center for Experimental Food Science and Technology Education (Southwest University),Chongqing 400715, China)

Received date: 2021-05-10

  Revised date: 2021-05-18

  Online published: 2022-06-10

Fold

摘要

为研究不同采收期对毛叶山桐子油脂肪酸的影响,采集2019年9~12月的7批毛叶山桐子果实,采用气相色谱法对其油脂的脂肪酸组成进行测定。结果表明,毛叶山桐子油中不饱和脂肪酸含量超过81%,亚油酸含量达到了67%,其ω-6多不饱和脂肪酸(polyunsaturated fatty acids,PUFA)与ω-3 PUFA比值约为60∶1远大于世卫组织推荐摄入比例4∶1,更适合用作ω-6 PUFA补充剂;毛叶山桐子果实含油率随采收期的变化趋势为先升高后下降,在10月18日达到最大值(38.83±0.26)%,比最低时提高了13.99%;油脂的脂肪酸组成相对稳定,变化幅度都<5%,含油率最高时和最低时的脂肪酸组成并无显著差异(置信水平>0.99);双键指数的变化趋势与含油率相反,在10月18日达到最小值7.93±0.12,变化程度较含油率更小。因此,10月18日前后采收的毛叶山桐子含油率最高且脂肪酸组成无显著差异。该研究可为重庆地区毛叶山桐子的推荐采收期提供参考。

关键词： 毛叶山桐子; 采收期; 气相色谱; 脂肪酸组成; 双键指数

本文引用格式

杨塘榆 , 闻乐嫣 , 阚建全 . 采收期对毛叶山桐子油脂肪酸组成的影响[J]. 食品与发酵工业, 2022 , 48(10) : 183 -187 . DOI: 10.13995/j.cnki.11-1802/ts.027921

Abstract

In order to study the effect of different harvest periods on the oil quality of Idsia policarpa var.vestita Diles (I. policarpa), seven batches of I. policarpa fruits were used as raw material in this study which collected from September to December 2019. The fatty acid composition of fruits was determined by gas chromatography. The results showed that the content of unsaturated fatty acid in the oil was over 81% and linoleic acid reached 67%. The ratio of ω-6 PUFA to ω-3 PUFA was about 60∶1, which was much higher than the value recommended of WHO (4∶1). The oil contents of the fruits reached the maximum value (38.83±0.26)% on October 18, about 13.99% higher than the lowest group. Besides, the fatty acid composition was relatively stable, and the variation range was within 5%. There was no significant difference in fatty acid composition between the highest and lowest oil contents. In contrast, the variation of double bond index (DBI) reached the minimum value (7.93±0.12) on October 18 with a much smaller variation. As a result, the fruit collected on October 18 had the highest oil content and there was no significant difference in fatty acid composition. This study provides useful information for choosing the suitable harvest time of I. policarpa.

Key words： I. policarpa; harvest time; gas chromatography; fatty acid composition; double bond index

参考文献

[1] MEIJAARD E, SHEIL D.Oil-Palm Plantations in the Context of Biodiversity Conservation[M].Amsterdam:Elsevier, 2013, 5(2):600-612.
[2] 中华人民共和国国家统计局. 中国统计年鉴[M].北京:中国统计出版社, 2020:249-250.
National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China.China Statistical Yearbook[M].Beijing:China Statistical Publishing House, 2020:249-250.
[3] 涂行浩, 杜丽清, 魏芳, 等.我国7种典型热带木本油料加工研究现状[J].热带农业科学, 2019, 39(4):114-122.
TU X H, DU L Q, WEI F, et al.A review on seven tropical woody oil crops in China[J].Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture, 2019, 39(4):114-122.
[4] 吴全珍. 我国毛叶山桐子产业的发展现状、存在问题及前景[J].中国油脂, 2019, 44(7):7-11;22.
WU Q Z.Development status, existing problems and prospects of Idsia policarpa var.vestita Diles industry in China[J].China Oils and Fats, 2019, 44(7):7-11;22.
[5] 吴全珍, 陈科文, 袁涛, 等.山桐子油的急性亚急性毒性及其对皮肤粘膜影响的研究[J].油脂科技, 1982, 7(6):60-68.
WU Q Z, CHEN K W, YUAN T, et al.Acute and subacute toxicity of Idsia policarpa oil and its effect on skin and mucous membrane[J].China Oils and Fats, 1982, 7(6):60-68.
[6] 李蕴涛, 何立莹.毛叶山桐子生物学特性及油脂食用卫生安全性研究[J].四川林业科技, 1986, 7(2):32-37.
LI Y T, HE L Y.Study on biological characteristics and edible safety of Idsia policarpa var.vestita Diles oil[J].Journal of Sichuan Forestry Science and Technology, 1986, 7(2):32-37.
[7] ALOWAIESH B, SINGH Z, FANG Z X, et al.Harvest time impacts the fatty acid compositions, phenolic compounds and sensory attributes of Frantoio and Manzanilla olive oil[J].Scientia Horticulturae, 2018, 234(1):74-80.
[8] 黄心敏, 仇兆倩, 王俊杰, 等.山桐子油的研究进展[J].粮食与油脂, 2017, 30(4):11-13.
HUANG X M, QIU Z Q, WANG J J, et al.Research advance of Idesia polycarpa Maxim.oil[J].Cereals & Oils, 2017, 30(4):11-13.
[9] 国家卫生和计划生育委员会. GB 5009.3—2016 食品中水分的测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社, 2016.
National Health and Family Planning Commission.GB 5009.3—2016 Determination of moisture in foods[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China, 2016.
[10] 国家食品药品监督管理总局, 国家卫生和计划生育委员会.GB 5009.6—2016 食品中脂肪的测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社, 2016.
China Food and Drug Administration, National Health and Family Planning Commission.GB 5009.6—2016 Determination of fat in foods[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China, 2016.
[11] LI Y, PENG T, HUANG L, et al.The evaluation of lipids raw material resources with the fatty acid profile and morphological characteristics of Idesia polycarpa Maxim.var.vestita Diels fruit in harvesting[J].Industrial Crops and Products, 2019, 129:114-122.
[12] 徐瑶. 高酸值薏米糠油的脱酸技术及其特性研究[D].重庆:西南大学, 2019.
XU Y.Deacidification of adlay bran oil with high acid value and its characteristics[D].Chongqing:Southwest University, 2019.
[13] SHEN W Y, LI J Q, DAUK M, et al.Metabolic and transcriptional responses of glycerolipid pathways to a perturbation of glycerol 3-phosphate metabolism in Arabidopsis[J].Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2010, 285(30):22957-22965.
[14] 贾然然, 唐晓姗, 董娜, 等.毛叶山桐子果实成熟度对种子发芽与果实油品质的影响[J].种子, 2014, 33(9):38-41;50.
JIA R R, TANG X S, DONG N, et al.Influence of different mature degrees on seeds germination and quality of fruit oil of Idesia polycarpa Maxim.var.vestita Diels[J].Seed, 2014, 33(9):38-41;50.
[15] MAMAT S F, AZIZAN K A, BAHARUM S N, et al.GC-MS and LC-MS analyses reveal the distribution of primary and secondary metabolites in mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana Linn.) fruit during ripening[J].Scientia Horticulturae, 2020, 262(1):109004.
[16] SOLOVCHENKO A E, AVERTCHEVA O V, MERZLYAK M N.Elevated sunlight promotes ripening-associated pigment changes in apple fruit[J].Postharvest Biology and Technology, 2006, 40(2):183-189.
[17] 《中国气象百科全书》编委会.中国气象百科全书[M].北京:气象出版社, 2016:545.
Editorial Board of Chinese Meteorological Encyclopedia.China Meteorological Encyclopedia[M].Beijing:China Meteorological Press, 2016:545.
[18] HO L C, HEWITT J D.Fruit Development[M].Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1986:201-239.
[19] 陈福北, 陈少东.毛叶山桐子油中脂肪酸组成分析[J].化工技术与开发, 2013, 42(1):32-34.
CHEN F B, CHEN S D.Analysis of fatty components in oil from Idesia polycarpa Maxim.Var.vestita Diels[J].Technology & Development of Chemical Industry, 2013, 42(1):32-34.
[20] KAJLA P, SHARMA A, SOOD D R.Flaxseed-a potential functional food source[J].Journal of Food Science and Technology, 2015, 52(4):1 857-1 871.
[21] MUHLHAUSLER B S, AILHAUD G P.Omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids and the early origins of obesity[J].Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Obesity, 2013, 20(1):56-61.
[22] VAN NAME M A, SAVOYE M, CHICK J M, et al.A low ω-6 to ω-3 PUFA ratio (n-6:n-3 PUFA) diet to treat fatty liver disease in obese youth[J].The Journal of Nutrition, 2020, 150(9):2 314-2 321.
[23] KHODARAHMI M, AZADBAKHT L.The association between different kinds of fat intake and breast cancer risk in women[J].International Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2014, 5(1):6-15.
[24] MASON R P, LIBBY P, BHATT D L.Emerging mechanisms of cardiovascular protection for the omega-3 fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid[J].Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, 2020, 40(5):1 135-1 147.
[25] YURKO-MAURO K, ALEXANDER D D, VAN ELSWYK M E.Docosahexaenoic acid and adult memory:A systematic review and meta-analysis[J].PLoS One, 2015, 10(3):e0120391.
[26] WANG T Q, FU X J, CHEN Q F, et al.Arachidonic acid metabolism and kidney inflammation[J].International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2019, 20(15):3 683.
[27] SCHULZ H.Encyclopedia of Biological Chemistry (second Edition)[M].Burlington:Academic Press, 2013:281-284.
[28] SINGH S, THOMAEUS S, LEE M, et al.Transgenic expression of a Δ12-epoxygenase gene in Arabidopsis seeds inhibits accumulation of linoleic acid[J].Planta, 2001, 212(5-6):872-879.
[29] 祝志勇, 季永华, 沈定夫, 等.山桐子育种苗期试验初报[J].江苏林业科技, 2001, 28(2):6-8.
ZHU Z Y, JI Y H, SHEN D F, et al.A preliminary study on growing seedlings of Idesia polycarpa Maxim[J].Journal of Jiangsu Forestry Science & Technology, 2001, 28(2):6-8.
Options
文章导航

/

〈 〉

技术支持：北京玛格泰克科技发展有限公司