为明确储藏期克伦生葡萄果实内生真菌和致病菌主要类群,通过形态学、分子生物学方法确定菌株分类地位,并探讨了内生菌对不同果实的致腐能力。研究结果表明,健康克伦生葡萄果实内生菌株K1~13在马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂培养基上培养性状一致,菌落白色,表面平展,呈绒状,其形态与枝顶孢属(Acremonium)形态特征吻合;转录间隔区ITS和核糖体28S rDNA序列构建进化树分析,其与Acremonium sclerotigenum聚为一簇,因此将其确定为菌核枝顶孢(A.sclerotigenum)。将A.sclerotigenum接种健康葡萄、番茄和苹果均能引起果实腐烂,证明了其致腐特性。同时从腐烂克伦生葡萄果实上分离纯化到灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea)和链格孢(Alternaria sp.)菌株。内生菌A.sclerotigenum对灰葡萄孢、链格孢均无拮抗作用。该研究首次报道了具有致腐特性的葡萄内生菌,丰富了葡萄内生菌种的资源,为葡萄采后病害防治提供了技术和理论支持。
In order to identify the main groups of endophytic fungi and pathogen in Crison grape fruits during storage, morphological and molecular biological methods were used to determine the classification status of the strains, also their spoilage ability on different fruits were determined. The results showed that the endophytic strain K1-K13 from healthy Crison fruit showed the same culture characteristics on PDA medium. The colony whitish, flat, with floccose mycelium, which was consistent with the morphological characteristics of Acremonium. ITS and 28S rDNA D1/D2 region sequences were used to construct an evolutionary tree analysis, and it clustered with Acremonium sclerotigenum, so it was identified as A. sclerotigenum. Inoculation of A. sclerotigenum on healthy grapes, tomatoes, and apples, caused rot, which indicated its spoilage ability. At the same time, Botrytis cinerea and Alternaria sp. were isolated from rotting Crison grape fruits. A. sclerotigenum strains had no antagonistic effect on B. cinerea or Alternaria sp. In this study, a pathogenic endophyte from Crison fruits was reported for the first time, which enriched the resources of grape endophytes and provided technical and theoretical support for the control of grape postharvest diseases.
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