为探讨苹果醋粉(apple vinegar powder,AVP)对于功能性便秘小鼠的改善情况及其对肠道菌群的影响,作者选取40只BALB/c小鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、低剂量苹果醋造模组(low-dose apple cider vinegar model group,AVPLM)和高剂量苹果醋造模组(high-dose apple cider vinegar model group,AVPHM)。AVP对便秘小鼠进行干预后,比较小鼠便秘指标。利用ELISA检测血清胃肠活性肽和血清素(serotonin,5-HT),H&E染色观察结肠组织病理,16S rRNA基因扩增子测序分析肠道菌群的变化。和空白组相比,模型组能够显著延长首粒排黑便时间,降低粪便含水量,降低小肠推进率。AVP干预后,能够显著降低首粒黑便时间,提高粪便含水量,降低小肠推进率,胃动素(motilin,MTL)、P物质(substance P,SP)和5-HT含量显著升高,生长抑素(somatostatin,SS)和血管活性肠肽(vasoactive intestinal peptide,VIP)显著降低,并增加了结肠隐窝长度。AVPLM组和AVPHM组的a-多样性均高于模型组与对照组。偏最小二乘法判别分析显示每组小鼠的肠道微生物结构在组内具有相似性,而组间差异较大。研究表明苹果醋粉能够提高便秘模型小鼠的排便能力和菌群多样性,具有一定的缓解便秘的功效。
To investigate the effect of apple vinegar powder (AVP) on functional constipation in mice and its impact on gut microbiota, this study used forty SPF BALB/c male mice.They were randomly divided into the control group, model group, low-dose apple cider vinegar model group (AVPLM), and high-dose apple cider vinegar model group (AVPHM), with ten mice in each group.After treatment of AVP, the constipation indexes of the mice were compared.The gastrointestinal active peptides and serotonin (5-HT) levels in serum were detected by ELISA, colon histopathology was observed by H&E staining, and the changes of gut microbiota were analyzed by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing.Compared with the control group, the model group significantly prolonged the time of the first black stool excretion, reduced the water content of feces, and decreased the small intestine propulsion rate.After AVP intervention, the time of the first black stool excretion was significantly shortened, the water content of feces was increased, and the small intestine propulsion rate was reduced.This study also found that AVP significantly increased motilin (MTL), substance P (SP), and 5-HT while decreasing somatostatin (SS) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in serum.Furthermore, AVP treatment increased the length of colon crypts.The alpha-diversity of the AVPLM group and the AVPHM group were both higher than that of the model group and the control group.Partial least squares discriminant analysis showed that the gut microbiota structure was similar within the group, but there were significant differences between groups.This study indicated that AVP could improve the defecation ability and diversity of gut microbiota in constipated mice, and may have the therapeutic potential in relieving constipation.
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