为优化无核白葡萄赤霉素(gibberellin acid,GA3)处理方案,提升葡萄及葡萄干品质,以无核白葡萄为试材,设置5种GA3处理(花期不处理+花后10 d 150 mg/L GA3、花序盛开75% 75 mg/L GA3 +花后10 d 150 mg/L GA3、花序盛开100% 75 mg/L GA3 +花后10 d 150 g/L GA3、花后2 d 75 g/L GA3 +花后10 d 150 g/L GA3、花后4 d 75 g/L GA3 +花后10 d 150 g/L GA3),以花期、花后10 d均不进行GA3处理为对照组,测定葡萄、葡萄干品质及产量指标。结果表明,GA3处理可有效增大无核白葡萄果穗、果粒质量及果形指数,提高鲜果硬度和维生素C含量,促进葡萄色泽变绿。经GA3处理的无核白葡萄所制葡萄干色泽 L*值、a*值降低,葡萄干亮度降低、色泽变绿;花后2 d 75 g/L GA3 +花后10 d 150 mg/L GA3处理的葡萄及葡萄干产量最高,分别达74.10 t/hm2和17.33 t/hm2,葡萄干单粒质量、果形指数最大,分别为1.20 g和2.96,具有较高的酚类物质和抗氧化活性。主成分分析结果直观地反映出各处理葡萄、葡萄干品质分布状况,建立综合评价模型得出花后2 d 75 mg/L GA3 +花后10 d 150 mg/LGA3处理综合得分最高,应用效果最好。
The goals of this study was to optimize gibberellin acid (GA3) treatment measure on Thompson Seedless, and to improve the quality of grapes and raisins.This study taken Thompson Seedless grape as material, the experiment consisted of five treatments no treatment during bloom +150 mg/L GA3, 10 days post-bloom, 75 mg/L GA3, 75% bloom +150 mg/L GA3, 10 days post-bloom, 75 mg/L GA3, 100% bloom +150 mg/L GA3, 10 days post-bloom, 75 mg/L GA3, 2 days post-bloom +150 mg/L GA3, 10 days post-bloom, 75 mg/L GA3, 4 days post-bloom +150 mg/L GA3, 10 days post-bloom, no spraying (bloom and post-bloom) was the control, berries quality, raisin quality, and yield were assessed.The results showed that cluster weight, berry weight, shape index, berry hardness and vitamin C content increased with GA3 treatment, promotes the color to green.The L* and a* value of raisin were decreased with GA3 treatment, raisins lost brightness and turned green.The yields of grape and raisin were the highest in (75 mg/L GA3, 2 days post-bloom +150 mg/L GA3, 10 days post-bloom) treatment, with 74.10 t/hm2and 17.33 t/hm2, respectively, single raisin weight and raisin shape index were also the highest in (75 mg/L GA3, 2 days post-bloom +150 mg/L GA3, 10 days post-bloom) treatment, 1.20 g and 2.96, respectively, phenolic substances and antioxidant activity were relatively high.The results of principal component analysis directly reflected the quality distribution of berries and raisins in each treatment, (75 mg/L GA3, 2 days post-bloom +150 mg/L GA3, 10 days post-bloom) had the highest comprehensive score by comprehensive evaluation model, and the effect on Thompson Seedless with (75 mg/L GA3, 2 days post-bloom + 150 mg/L GA3, 10 days post-bloom) was the best.
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