研究报告

基于多酚含量的赤霞珠葡萄酒年份鉴别研究

  • 赵丹青 ,
  • 开建荣 ,
  • 王彩艳 ,
  • 张静 ,
  • 李彩虹 ,
  • 闫玥 ,
  • 张伟 ,
  • 葛谦
展开
  • 1(宁夏农产品质量标准与检测技术研究所,宁夏 银川,750002)
    2(宁夏农林科学院农业资源与环境研究所,宁夏 银川,750002)
第一作者:博士,助理研究员(张伟高级工程师和葛谦副研究员为共同通信作者,E-mail:zhweinx01@163.com;geqian_1116@163.com)

收稿日期: 2024-07-12

  修回日期: 2024-08-20

  网络出版日期: 2025-07-11

基金资助

宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目(2022BBF03018);宁夏回族自治区自然科学基金项目(2023AAC03419);“十四五”农业高质量发展和生态保护科技创新示范课题项目(NGSB-2021-5);国家自然科学基金项目(32260628)

Vintage identification of Cabernet Sauvignon wine based on polyphenol content

  • ZHAO Danqing ,
  • KAI Jianrong ,
  • WANG Caiyan ,
  • ZHANG Jing ,
  • LI Caihong ,
  • YAN Yue ,
  • ZHANG Wei ,
  • GE Qian
Expand
  • 1(Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products of Ningxia, Yinchuan 750002, China)
    2(Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Ningxia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, China)

Received date: 2024-07-12

  Revised date: 2024-08-20

  Online published: 2025-07-11

摘要

对比分析贺兰山东麓同一酒庄不同年份赤霞珠单品葡萄酒中多酚含量差异,基于此探讨酚酸、黄酮醇、黄烷醇代谢产物在葡萄酒年份鉴别中的可行性。采集贺兰山东麓永宁产区同一酒庄2018—2023年这6个年份的葡萄酒样品共计18份,监测分析葡萄酒中酚酸、黄烷醇、黄酮醇含量差异,采用Fisher线性判别分析方法,构建基于酚酸、黄烷醇、黄酮醇指标的葡萄酒年份鉴别模型。结果显示,赤霞珠单品葡萄酒中的21种酚酸、6种黄烷醇、10种黄酮醇在不同年份间均存在显著差异,新酒中黄烷醇、羟基肉桂酸含量低于老酒,黄烷醇高于老酒;采用Fisher线性判别分析方法,分别基于酚酸、黄烷醇、黄酮醇指标构建葡萄酒年份鉴别模型,正确鉴别率均达到94.4%以上。研究结果表明,基于葡萄酒中酚酸、黄烷醇、黄酮醇任意一种成分均可实现同一产地不同年份葡萄酒的准确鉴别。

本文引用格式

赵丹青 , 开建荣 , 王彩艳 , 张静 , 李彩虹 , 闫玥 , 张伟 , 葛谦 . 基于多酚含量的赤霞珠葡萄酒年份鉴别研究[J]. 食品与发酵工业, 2025 , 51(12) : 158 -166 . DOI: 10.13995/j.cnki.11-1802/ts.040469

Abstract

This study conducted a comparative analysis of the polyphenol content differences in Cabernet Sauvignon varietal wines from the same winery in the eastern foothills of Helan Mountain across different vintages.Based on this, it explored the feasibility of using phenolic acids, flavonols, and flavan-3-ols metabolites for vintage identification of wines.A total of 18 wine samples from six vintages (2018-2023) were collected from a winery in the Yongning region of Helan Mountain’s eastern foothills.The contents of phenolic acids, flavan-3-ols, and flavonols in the wines were monitored and analyzed.Fisher’s linear discriminant analysis was employed to construct a vintage identification model based on these phenolic compounds.The results indicated significant differences in the 21 phenolic acids, 6 flavan-3-ols, and 10 flavonols across different vintages.In new wines, the contents of flavan-3-ols and hydroxycinnamic acids were lower, while the content of flavan-3-ols was higher compared to older wines.Using Fisher’s linear discriminant analysis method, vintage identification models based on phenolic acids, flavan-3-ols, and flavonols were constructed, with an accuracy rate exceeding 94.4% for each.Therefore, accurate identification of wines from the same origin across different vintages can be achieved based on any one of the phenolic acid, flavan-3-ol, or flavonol components in the wine.

参考文献

[1] COZZOLINO D, DAMBERGS R G, JANIK L, et al.Analysis of grapes and wine by near infrared spectroscopy[J].Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy, 2006, 14(5):279-289.
[2] ZHANG Y L, CHEN J B, LEI Y, et al.Discrimination of different red wine by Fourier-transform infrared and two-dimensional infrared correlation spectroscopy[J].Journal of Molecular Structure, 2010, 974(1-3):144-150.
[3] 尹春丽, 丁春晖, 李华.昌黎原产地干红葡萄酒的三维荧光光谱特征研究[J].分析测试学报, 2008, 27(6):641-643;647.
YIN C L, DING C H, LI H.Study on the characteristics of three dimensional fluorescence spectra of Changli dry red wines[J].Journal of Instrumental Analysis, 2008, 27(6):641-643;647.
[4] 于静. 葡萄酒和白酒质量识别方法的研究[D].北京:中国农业大学, 2018.
YU J.Research on quality identification method of wine and baijiu[D].Beijing:China Agricultural University, 2018.
[5] 刘陈敏, 谢建军, 陈文锐, 等.气相色谱指纹图谱法进行红葡萄酒年份表征研究[J].酿酒科技, 2014(4):21-26.
LIU C M, XIE J J, CHEN W R, et al.Study on vintage discrimination of red grape wine based on GC fingerprints[J].Liquor-Making Science & Technology, 2014(4):21-26.
[6] WANG Z X, CHEN X Y, LIU Q Q, et al.Untargeted metabolomics analysis based on LC-IM-QTOF-MS for discriminating geographical origin and vintage of Chinese red wine[J].Food Research International, 2023, 165:112547.
[7] PAN Y, GU H W, LYU Y, et al.Untargeted metabolomic analysis of Chinese red wines for geographical origin traceability by UPLC-QTOF-MS coupled with chemometrics[J].Food Chemistry, 2022, 394:133473.
[8] PHAN Q, TOMASINO E.Untargeted lipidomic approach in studying pinot noir wine lipids and predicting wine origin[J].Food Chemistry, 2021, 355:129409.
[9] FAN S X, ZHONG Q D, GAO H B, et al.Elemental profile and oxygen isotope ratio (δ18O) for verifying the geographical origin of Chinese wines[J].Journal of Food and Drug Analysis, 2018, 26(3):1033-1044.
[10] WU H, TIAN L, CHEN B, et al.Verification of imported red wine origin into China using multi isotope and elemental analyses[J].Food Chemistry, 2019, 301:125137.
[11] TANG K, HU J, FAN W, et al.Chemometric analysis of Chinese red wines using stir bar sportive extraction combined with GC-MS analysis[J].European Food Research and Technology, 2020, 246(1):55-67.
[12] RAPA M, FERRANTE M, RODUSHKIN I, et al.Safety and quality of grapes:Elemental, isotopic and chemometric analysis from montepulciano d′Abruzzo PDO chain[J].Agriculture, 2024, 14(6):14060966.
[13] 张众, 李辉, 张静, 等.贺兰山东麓‘赤霞珠’干红葡萄酒陈酿香气特征[J].食品科学, 2019, 40(18):203-209.
ZHANG Z, LI H, ZHANG J, et al.Aroma characteristics of aged ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ dry red wine from eastern foothill of Helan mountain[J].Food Science, 2019, 40(18):203-209.
[14] 郑青. 不同陈酿年份、葡萄品种及葡萄产地葡萄酒香气成分的研究[D].南昌:南昌大学, 2015.
ZHENG Q.Research of aromatic compounds in grape wines from different aging vintages, grape varieties and grape origins[D].Nanchang:Nanchang University, 2015.
[15] RUDNITSKAYA A, ROCHA S M, LEGIN A, et al.Evaluation of the feasibility of the electronic tongue as a rapid analytical tool for wine age prediction and quantification of the organic acids and phenolic compounds.The case-study of Madeira wine[J].Analytica Chimica Acta, 2010, 662(1):82-89.
[16] CHEYNIER V, RIGAUD J.HPLC separation and characterization of flavonols in the skins of Vitis vinifera var.Cinsault[J].American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, 1986, 37(4):248-252
[17] VIDAL S, FRANCIS L, GUYOT S, et al.The mouth -feel properties of grape and apple proanthocyanidins in a wine-like medium[J].Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 2003, 83(6):564-573.
[18] 宓捷波, 王飞, 赵孔祥, 等.基于四级杆/静电场轨道高分辨质谱技术的 葡萄酒鉴别研究[J].食品研究与开发, 2019, 40(5):173-178.
MI J B, WANG F, ZHAO K X, et al.Studies on wine identification base on quadrupole/electrostatic field orbitrap high resolution mass spectrum[J].Food Research and Development, 2019, 40(5):173-178.
[19] 陈鑫龙, 张媛媛, 徐令斌, 等.用多酚类指标表征干红葡萄酒味感质量的模型构建[J].农业工程学报, 2024, 40(8):281-289.
CHEN X L, ZHANG Y Y, XU L B, et al.Model construction for characterizing the flavor quality of dry red wine based on polyphenolic indexes[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2024, 40(8):281-289.
[20] 李雨宇, 杨佳荟, 袁春龙.不同年份干红葡萄酒单宁结构特性与涩感强度的关系[J].中国食品学报, 2022, 22(8):308-315.
LI Y Y, YANG J H, YUAN C L.Structural characteristics of tannin in dry red wines of different vintages and their relationship with astringency intensity[J].Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science and Technology, 2022, 22(8):308-315.
[21] SALAS E, FULCRAND H, MEUDEC E, et al.Reactions of anthocyanins and tannins in model solutions[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2003, 51(27):7951-7961.
[22] 温鹏飞, 陈建业, 黄卫东, 等.HPLC法同时测定葡萄酒中5种黄烷-3-醇单体的研究[J].中国食品学报, 2006, 6(3):133-137.
WEN P F, CHEN J Y, HUANG W D, et al.Studies on 5 monomeric flavan-3-ol of wines by high performance liquid chromatography[J].Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science and Technology, 2006, 6(3):133-137.
[23] FRANCIAARICHA E M, RIVASGONZALO J C, SANTOSBUELGA C, et al.New anthocyanin pigments formed after condensation with flavanols[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 1997, 45(6):2262-2266.
[24] EIRO M J, HEINONEN M.Anthocyanin color behavior and stability during storage:Effect of intermolecular copigmentation[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2002, 50(25):7461-7466.
[25] REMY S, FULCRAND H, LABARBE B, et al.First confirmation in red wine of products resulting from direct anthocyanin-tannin reactions[J].Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 2000, 80(6):745-751.
[26] DUEÑAS M, FULCRAND H, CHEYNIER V.Formation of anthocyanin-flavanol adducts in model solutions[J].Analytica Chimica Acta, 2006, 563(1-2):15-25.
[27] 刘亚, 汤奥星, 彭帮柱.花色苷及其调控尿酸代谢的研究进展[J].中国食品学报, 2023, 23(3):365-375.
LIU Y, TANG A X, PENG B Z.Research progress on anthocyanins and their regulation of uric acid metabolism[J].Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science and Technology, 2023, 23(3):365-375.
[28] 王晓月, 张珊珊, 张欣珂, 等.发酵前添加黄酮醇类辅色素对‘赤霞珠’干红葡萄酒颜色品质及多酚组成的影响[J].食品科学, 2020, 41(18):188-195.
WANG X Y, ZHANG S S, ZHANG X K, et al.Effect of pre-fermentative addition of flavanols on the color attributes and phenolic profiles of ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ dry red wine[J].Food Science, 2020, 41(18):188-195.
[29] 朱娟娟, 马海军, 杨胜云, 等.基于电学特性识别贺兰山东麓年份葡萄酒研究[J].中外葡萄与葡萄酒, 2024(2):37-47.
ZHU J J, MA H J, YANG S Y, et al.Identification of vintage wines from the eastern foot of Helan mountains based on electrical characteristics[J].Sino-Overseas Grapevine & Wine, 2024(2):37-47.
[30] 孙海燕, 郭松年, 王华.电子鼻对不同年份赤霞珠葡萄酒香气的检测分析[J].食品工业, 2017, 38(4):281-284.
SUN H Y, GUO S N, WANG H.Detection and analysis of the aroma in different vintages Cabernet Sauvignon wine by electronic nose[J].The Food Industry, 2017, 38(4):281-284.
文章导航

/

〈 〉