食品与发酵工业 >

2025 , Vol. 51 >Issue 13: 369 - 379

DOI: https://doi.org/10.13995/j.cnki.11-1802/ts.040896

综述与专题评论

淀粉/聚乙烯醇可降解材料的改性及应用进展

  • 王子怡 ,
  • 于梦丽 ,
  • 陈复生
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  • 1(河南工业大学 粮油食品学院,河南 郑州,450001)
    2(中原食品实验室,河南 漯河,462000)
第一作者: 硕士研究生(陈复生教授为通信作者,E-mail:fushengc@haut.edu.cn)

收稿日期: 2024-08-29

  修回日期: 2024-11-12

  网络出版日期: 2025-08-04

基金资助

“十四五”国家重点研发项目(2022YFD2101403)

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Modification and application progress of starch/polyvinyl alcohol degradable materials

  • WANG Ziyi ,
  • YU Mengli ,
  • CHEN Fusheng
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  • 1(College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China)
    2(Zhongyuan Food Laboratory, Luohe 462000, China)

Received date: 2024-08-29

  Revised date: 2024-11-12

  Online published: 2025-08-04

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摘要

近年来,随着塑料包装材料引发的资源枯竭与环境污染问题日益严重,开发环保型、生物可降解的包装材料已成为当务之急。淀粉和聚乙烯醇(polyvinyl alcohol,PVA)因其生物可降解性和适用于食品包装的特性,被视为最具潜力的材料。然而,这些生物聚合物本身的性能限制了其广泛应用。聚合物共混技术成为突破这些瓶颈的有效手段,能够显著提升材料的机械性能、阻隔性及降解性能。该文系统综述了淀粉和PVA的分子结构及相关性能,阐述了淀粉/PVA共混材料的主要制备方法,并详细讨论了增强其性能的多种改性技术,包括物理、化学及复合改性。此外,该文还分析了淀粉/PVA基材料在食品保鲜包装中的实际应用,为可降解包装材料的研发与推广提供了理论依据与技术指导。

关键词： 生物可降解聚合物; 淀粉; 聚乙烯醇; 改性; 食品保鲜

本文引用格式

王子怡 , 于梦丽 , 陈复生 . 淀粉/聚乙烯醇可降解材料的改性及应用进展[J]. 食品与发酵工业, 2025 , 51(13) : 369 -379 . DOI: 10.13995/j.cnki.11-1802/ts.040896

Abstract

In recent years, with the increasingly serious problem of resource depletion and environmental pollution caused by plastic packaging materials, the development of environmentally friendly and biodegradable packaging materials has become a top priority.Starch and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) are considered the most promising candidates due to their biodegradability and suitability for food packaging.However, the performance limitations of these biopolymers themselves limit their wide application.Polymer blending technology has become an effective means to break through these bottlenecks, which can significantly improve the mechanical properties, barrier properties, and degradation properties of materials.In this paper, the molecular structure and related properties of starch and PVA were systematically reviewed, the main preparation methods of starch/PVA blends were described, and various modification technologies to enhance their properties were discussed in detail, including physical, chemical, and composite modification.In addition, this paper also analyzed the practical application of starch/PVA-based materials in food preservation packaging, which could provide a theoretical basis and technical guidance for the development and promotion of degradable packaging materials.

Key words： biodegradable polymers; starch; polyvinyl alcohol; modification; food preservation

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