This study used 65 Prunus cerasifera Ehrh.collected from two regions of Xinjiang as test materials.Measurements covered the descriptive phenotypes, quantitative traits, flavor quality, and nutritional quality of the fruits.Correlation analysis and principal component analysis identified the main factors influencing fruit quality.Based on the extracted comprehensive scores, the study ranked the sixty-five accessions.Systematic cluster analysis then explored their taxonomic relationships.Results indicated that the Shannon diversity index for descriptive traits ranged from 0.079 to 1.410, while the coefficient of variation for quantitative traits spanned 3.05%-225.95%.Notably, total phenolic content and peel b* value exhibited the highest CVs at 225.95%, 186.85%, and 205.52%, respectively.Significant correlations existed between various fruit traits.Cluster analysis grouped the Prunus cerasifera Ehrh.Accessions into five categories:large-fruit germplasm with high soluble sugars, high-VC germplasm, high-soluble-solids germplasm, small-fruit germplasm, and high-phenolic-content germplasm.Principal component analysis extracted five principal components with eigenvalues>1, accounting for 80.621% of the cumulative variance.The findings demonstrated rich genetic diversity in fruit phenotypic and quality traits among Xinjiang Prunus cerasifera Ehrh.The comprehensive evaluation screened six superior germplasms:Accessions 2369, 2433, and 2436 appeared suitable for processing into puree and jam;germplasms YL9-1 and YL5-6 showed potential for antioxidant health products;and accession YL13-2 was suitable as a natural acidulant.
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