研究报告

基于全基因组结构解析甘南发酵牦牛乳源植物乳植杆菌CW22降胆固醇机制

  • 张彪 ,
  • 梁琪 ,
  • 赵保堂 ,
  • 张炎
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  • 1(甘肃农业大学 食品科学与工程学院,甘肃 兰州,730070)
    2(甘肃省功能乳品工程实验室,甘肃 兰州,730070)
第一作者:硕士研究生(梁琪教授为通信作者,E-mail:liangqi@gsau.edu.cn)

收稿日期: 2025-12-30

  修回日期: 2026-02-06

  网络出版日期: 2026-07-17

基金资助

中央引导地方科技发展基金项目(25ZYJA038);发酵牦牛乳中益生菌与蛋白源肽功能活性研究项目(0722093)

Exploring the cholesterol-lowering mechanism of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum CW22 isolated from Gannan fermented yak milk based on whole-genome analysis

  • ZHANG Biao ,
  • LIANG Qi ,
  • ZHAO Baotang ,
  • ZHANG Yan
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  • 1(College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China)
    2(Functional Dairy Product Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730070, China)

Received date: 2025-12-30

  Revised date: 2026-02-06

  Online published: 2026-07-17

摘要

为系统挖掘甘南特色功能性益生菌资源并阐明其降胆固醇机制,该研究以甘南传统发酵牦牛乳源植物乳植杆菌CW22为对象,通过全基因组解析结合体外功能实验验证该机制。全基因组分析显示,CW22基因组全长3 318 231 bp,GC含量44.48%,预测含3 155个开放阅读框,富集碳水化合物代谢、氨基酸代谢等与功能发挥相关的基因簇。同时,鉴定出4个bsh同源基因,其中bsh1相对表达量最高,为核心功能基因。体外验证结果表明,CW22的降胆固醇作用由多机制协同实现。胆盐水解酶介导的胆固醇-胆酸共沉淀为主要机制,甘氨胆酸钠条件下共沉淀量达40.67 μg/mL,占总降解率的45%以上。细胞膜吸附为辅助途径且依赖菌株代谢活性。该研究为挖掘高原功能性益生菌、开发靶向降胆固醇功能性食品提供了理论支撑与优质菌株资源。

本文引用格式

张彪 , 梁琪 , 赵保堂 , 张炎 . 基于全基因组结构解析甘南发酵牦牛乳源植物乳植杆菌CW22降胆固醇机制[J]. 食品与发酵工业, 2026 , 52(12) : 149 -160 . DOI: 10.13995/j.cnki.11-1802/ts.045687

Abstract

To explore functional probiotic resources specific to Gannan and elucidate their cholesterol-lowering mechanisms, this study investigated Lactiplantibacillus plantarum CW22, a strain isolated from traditional fermented yak milk of Gannan, via whole-genome analysis and in vitro functional assays.Whole-genome analysis showed that CW22 has a 3 318 231-bp genome with a 44.48% GC content and 3 155 predicted open reading frames, with its genomic clusters notably enriched in genes associated with carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism—pathways closely linked to probiotic functional performance.Four bsh genes were identified in the genome, among which bsh1 exhibited the highest relative expression level and served as the core functional gene mediating cholesterol metabolism.In vitro validation confirmed that CW22 exerts a robust cholesterol-lowering effect through synergistic mechanisms.Bile salt hydrolase (BSH)- mediated cholesterol-bile acid co-precipitation acts as the primary mechanism, which reached a co-precipitation level of 40.67 μg/mL under sodium glycocholate conditions and accounted for more than 45% of the total cholesterol degradation rate.In contrast, cell membrane adsorption functions as an auxiliary pathway that is dependent on the strain’s metabolic activity.This study provides theoretical support and high-quality microbial resources for mining plateau-specific functional probiotics and developing targeted cholesterol-lowering functional foods.

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