食品与发酵工业 >

2026 , Vol. 52 >Issue 12: 446 - 458

DOI: https://doi.org/10.13995/j.cnki.11-1802/ts.044411

综述与专题评论

柑橘采后主要病害防控技术及作用机制研究进展

  • 周兰 ,
  • 郭旭东 ,
  • 邹坤 ,
  • 郭志勇 ,
  • 李奥
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  • 1(三峡大学 水利与环境学院,湖北 宜昌,443002)
    2(天然产物研究与利用湖北省重点实验室,三峡大学 生物与制药学院,湖北 宜昌,443002)
第一作者:博士,讲师(李奥讲师为通信作者,E-mail:liao1@ctgu.edu.cn)

收稿日期: 2025-09-04

  修回日期: 2025-10-31

  网络出版日期: 2026-07-17

基金资助

天然产物研究与利用湖北省重点实验室开放基金项目(2024NPRD06);湖北省中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(2024BSB016);湖北省自然科学基金项目(2023AFB188);湖北省科技创新基地(平台)计划(2025CSA044)

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Research progress on prevention and control technologies for major citrus postharvest diseases and their mechanisms of action

  • ZHOU Lan ,
  • GUO Xudong ,
  • ZOU Kun ,
  • GUO Zhiyong ,
  • LI Ao
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  • 1(College of Hydraulic & Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China)
    2(Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China)

Received date: 2025-09-04

  Revised date: 2025-10-31

  Online published: 2026-07-17

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摘要

柑橘采后由病原菌侵染引起的腐烂是产业面临的主要问题,该文系统综述了其致病菌类型及病害特征,全面分析了物理、化学及生物防治技术在柑橘采后保鲜中的应用现状。热处理、臭氧、辐照和气调等物理方法可通过抑制病原菌活性与果实代谢延缓腐烂;化学杀菌剂虽效果显著,但存在残留与抗药性风险;天然保鲜剂(如植物精油、抗菌肽)和生物防治制剂(如拮抗酵母、芽孢杆菌)因绿色安全成为研究热点。该文进一步从细胞膜、细胞壁、能量代谢及诱导抗性等靶点深入解析其作用机制,阐明各类技术在柑橘贮藏中的保鲜性能与潜在价值。未来研究应聚焦于高效天然保鲜剂的开发、复合技术体系的构建,结合多组学与分子生物学手段深化机理解析,并建立完善的安全与残留评价标准,为柑橘采后绿色保鲜与产业可持续发展提供理论支撑。

关键词： 柑橘; 保鲜方法; 果实品质; 生物防治; 抑菌机制

本文引用格式

周兰 , 郭旭东 , 邹坤 , 郭志勇 , 李奥 . 柑橘采后主要病害防控技术及作用机制研究进展[J]. 食品与发酵工业, 2026 , 52(12) : 446 -458 . DOI: 10.13995/j.cnki.11-1802/ts.044411

Abstract

Postharvest decay caused by pathogenic infections poses a significant threat to the citrus industry.This study systematically summarizes the major pathogenic fungi responsible for postharvest diseases and their characteristic symptoms.It comprehensively reviews the application of physical, chemical, and biological control technologies in postharvest citrus preservation.Physical methods, including heat treatment, ozone, irradiation, and controlled atmosphere storage, could effectively delay postharvest decay by inhibiting pathogen activity and regulating fruit metabolic processes.While chemical fungicides exhibit high efficacy, their application is constrained by risks of pesticide residue accumulation and the development of pathogen resistance.In contrast, natural preservatives (such as plant essential oils and antimicrobial peptides) and biological control agents (including antagonistic yeasts and Bacillus species) have emerged as promising alternatives, attracting significant research attention due to their environmentally friendly characteristics and food safety advantages.Furthermore, this study explored the modes of action targeting target cell membrane, cell wall, energy metabolism, and induced systemic resistance pathways, thereby elucidating the preservation effects and commercial application potential of these technologies.Future research should prioritize the development of efficient natural preservatives, the establishment of integrated control systems, the elucidation of underlying mechanisms via multi-omics technologies and molecular biology techniques, and the formulation of comprehensive safety and residue evaluation standards.These efforts will collectively provide a solid theoretical foundation for sustainable green preservation practices and industrial advancement in postharvest citrus management.

Key words： citrus; preservation methods; fruit quality; biological control; antimicrobial mechanism

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