真菌毒素是一类由丝状真菌产生的强毒性次级代谢产物，可广泛污染各种农作物及食品。由于痕量真菌毒素即可严重危害人体健康，且食品样品基质复杂，致使食品中真菌毒素的净化富集及检测流程繁琐、耗时费力且成本较高。因此，建立灵敏、简便、稳定性好的食品基质中真菌毒素的检测方法尤为重要。分子印迹聚合物具有构效可设计性、专一识别性和高稳定性等特点，将其应用于食品样品前处理及食品中痕量有害物质的检测可有效简化操作流程、降低成本并提高检测灵敏度。本文综述了近年来分子印迹聚合物在含真菌毒素食品样品前处理、真菌毒素色谱分析、真菌毒素仿生传感器等领域的应用及制备方法进展，并对其发展前景进行了展望。

Mycotoxins are a class of secondary metabolites with high toxicity produced by filamentous fungi, which can widely contaminate various crops and food. Since trace mycotoxins can seriously endanger human health and food matrices are complex, the analytical procedures, including sample preparation and detection, are tedious, time-consuming and costly.. Therefore, it is important to establish a sensitive, simple and stable method for the detection of mycotoxins in the food matrix. Molecularly imprinted polymers possess the features of structure predictability, specificity, high stability, etc., which can effectively simplify the operation process, reduce the cost as well as improve the detection sensitivity when applied in the pretreatment of food samples and the detection of trace harmful substances in food. In this review, the recent advances in the application and preparation methods of MIPs in sample pretreatment of food contaminated by mycotoxins, mycotoxin chromatographic analysis and mycotoxin bionic sensors were summarized. And some perspectives of MIPs based mycotoxin detection are proposed as well