以禾谷镰刀菌ACCC36938为指示菌,测定不同乳酸菌对其抑制作用,筛选得到抑菌效果较强的1株乳酸菌A14-2。进一步研究不同温度、pH值和蛋白酶处理对乳酸菌A14-2抑菌活性的影响,结果表明pH值变化对其影响最大,同时也存在非蛋白类热敏感物质具有一定抑菌作用。为了探究乳酸菌A14-2对禾谷镰刀呕吐毒素(deoxynivalenol,DON)生物合成的影响,选用麦芽汁作为培养基,将乳酸菌和禾谷镰刀菌混合在麦芽汁培养基中共同培养,分析培养基中DON质量浓度变化,结果发现乳酸菌培养物及其上清液均能够在抑制禾谷镰刀菌生长的同时,也显著降低了DON的合成量,但乳酸菌细胞对DON无吸附作用。最后对乳酸菌A14-2进行理化及分子鉴定,显示其为植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)。
The aim of this study was to screen lactic acid bacteria (LAB) inhibiting Fusarium graminearum ACCC36938 and a strain LAB A14-2 with strong antifungal effect was obtained. The effects of different temperature, pH value and protease treatment on the antifungal activity of LAB A14-2 were further studied. The results showed that the pH value had the greatest effect on the antibacterial activity of LAB A14-2, and non-protein heat-sensitive substances also had some antifungal activity. In order to investigate the effect of LAB A14-2 on the biosynthesis of deoxynivalenol (DON), LAB A14-2 and Fusarium graminearum were co-cultured on wort medium and DON content changes were analyzed. The results showed that LAB culture and supernatant were able to inhibit the growth of Fusarium graminearum and significantly reduce the amount of DON synthesis, but LAB cell can't bind DON. Finally, physiological and biochemical characteristics and molecular identification of LAB A14-2 showed that it was Lactobacillus plantarum.
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