通过体外模拟方式,对比4种不同粉碎粒径的油菜蜂花粉在消化各阶段的多酚溶出量、消化完成后多酚残留量,同时结合高效液相色谱分析残留多酚组分及其利用肠道菌群发酵产酸能力。结果表明,在体外模拟消化过程中蜂花粉多酚溶出量随粉碎粒径的减小而增加,粉碎提高了溶出多酚在肠液消化过程中的保留率。经消化完成后,蜂花粉多酚残留量随着粉碎粒径的减小而增加,同时粉碎对其残留多酚的组分有一定影响。在体外模拟后肠发酵产酸过程,粉碎粒径越小发酵液pH值越低,产生的乙酸、丙酸、丁酸含量越高,发酵产酸特性越好。研究表明,在蜂花粉多酚的体外消化特性上破壁优于未破壁,为蜂花粉深加工产品的开发与应用提供理论依据。
Rape bee pollen with four different particle sizes were digested in vitro. The contents of dissolved polyphenols at different digestion stages, and contents of residual polyphenols after digestion were analyzed. The constituents of residual polyphenols and their acid production characteristics using intestinal flora were determined by high performance liquid chromatography. The results showed that during in vitro digestion, the contents of dissolved polyphenols increased with decreasing particle size. Moreover, smashing was beneficial for improving the retention rates of dissolved polyphenols. Furthermore, the contents of residual polyphenols after digestion increased with decreasing particle size. Additionally, smashing had impacts on the constituents of residual polyphenols. Besides, the pH of fermentation broth decreased with smaller particle size, and contents of acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid increased. The acid production characteristics of bee pollen were better with decreasing particle size. The results showed that the in vitro digestion characteristics of polyphenols of wall-broken bee pollen were better than those without wall-broken. These findings can provide a theoretical basis for developing and applying deep processed bee pollen products.
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