筛选能够降解废弃生活油脂的微生物,实现丹江口库区生活污水中废弃油脂的生物降解,减少生活油脂对库区水体的污染。以大豆油为目标污染物,先进行菌种富集和驯化,然后进行中性红平板筛选及生理生化鉴定。筛选获得了一株高效降解丹江口库区生活废弃油脂土著微生物,且具有较好的环境适应性和应用潜力。经鉴定,该微生物与Proteus mirabilis最为接近,命名为Proteus mirabilis NY-201801。5%(体积分数)油脂初始浓度,接种量10％,pH值7.0,在35 ℃、150 r/min下培养36 h,Proteus mirabilis NY-201801对油脂的降解率可以达到92%。同时,在库区最高水温的条件下,对5%油脂的降解率也可以达到50%。为实现库区废弃生活油脂的生物降解奠定了坚实的基础。
This study aimed to screen microorganisms that can biodegrade waste oil in domestic sewage of Danjiangkou reservoir to reduce the pollution of water body of the reservoir caused by oil. Soybean oil was taken as the target pollutant, the strain enrichment and domestication were carried out, followed by neutral red plate screening and physiological and biochemical identification. A native microorganism was screened, which was identified as Proteus mirabilis and named P. mirabilis NY-201801. When 5% (v/v) oil and 10% inoculum size were cultivated for 36 h at pH 7.0, 35 ℃ and 150 r/min, P. mirabilis NY-201801 could degrade 92% oil. Meanwhile, at the highest water temperature in the reservoir area, the degradation rate of 5% (v/v) oil could reach 50%. Therefore, a new type of efficient oil-degrading bacteria with good environmental adaptability and application potential was obtained, which lays a solid foundation for biodegradation of waste oil in reservoir area.
[1] NICKLISCH S C T, REES S D, MCGRATH A P, et al. Global marine pollutants inhibit P-glycoprotein: Environmental levels, inhibitory effects, and cocrystal structure [J]. Science Advances, 2016, 2: e1600001.
[2] BOAMAH K B, DU J, BOAMAH A J, et al. A study on the causal effect of urban population growth and international trade on environmental pollution: evidence from China [J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2018, 25(6): 5 862-5 874.
[3] 金建云, 李芳,林开春. 高效油脂降解菌的筛选及其降解影响因素的初步研究[J].华中农业大学学报, 2006(4): 400-403.
[4] WAKELIN N G, FORSTER C F. The aerobic treatment of grease-containing fast food restaurant waste waters [J]. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 1998, 76(1): 55-61.
[5] 游游, 朱琳,张艳等. 含油废水中一株高效油脂降解菌的筛选和鉴定[J]. 生态环境学报, 2010,19(6): 1 378-1 382.
[6] 刘国防. 高效油脂降解菌剂构建与效果研究[D]. 杭州:浙江大学, 2012.
[7] BECKER P, KÖSTER D, POPOV M N, et al. The biodegradation of olive oil and the treatment of lipid-rich wool scouring wastewater under aerobic thermophilic conditions [J]. Water Research, 1999, 33(3): 653-660.
[8] 薛秀园, 薛月圆. 油脂降解微生物的筛选及代谢能力影响因素研究[J]. 洛阳师范学院学报, 2016, 35(2): 47-50.
[9] 闫红梅, 王冬梅,高健等. 一株高效油脂降解菌的筛选与降解性能研究[J]. 甘肃农业大学学报, 2013, 48(4): 176-180.
[10] 孟静, 王海燕,郭秀锐等. 油脂降解菌的筛选鉴定及降解条件优化[A]. 中国环境科学学会2016年学术年会论文集, 2016.
[11] 孙玉君, 李丹华. 南水北调中线工程水源区水质现状分析[J]. 人民长江, 2016, 47(14): 15-18.
[12] 强艳芳. 丹江口库区产业结构对环境的影响研究[D]. 杨凌:西北农林科技大学, 2018.
[13] 张印, 薛永常. 油脂降解菌种的鉴定及降解条件优化[J]. 微生物学杂志, 2015, 35(2): 90-94.
[14] 谭浩强, 何文杰,韩宏大等. 丹江口水库水质监测分析[J]. 供水技术, 2015, 9(6): 1-5.
[15] 肖翰, 刘标,尹红梅等. 病死猪堆肥高效油脂降解菌的筛选及堆肥效果研究[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2017, 29(1): 44-50.
[16] 秦华明. 高效油脂降解菌的筛选及其对油脂废水的强化处理研究[D]. 广州:华南理工大学, 2003.
[17] 徐保成, 李道棠. 洋葱伯克霍尔德氏菌降解高浓度油脂废水的工艺研究[A]. 中国生态学会2006学术年会论文集, 2006.
[18] 张晓杰, 白义,郑昆. 高效油脂降解菌的筛选及其降解特性研究[C]. //吉林省科学技术协会学会学术部. 创新驱动,加快战略性新兴产业发展——吉林省第七届科学技术学术年会论文集,长春, 2012: 3.
[19] 陈红艳, 王继华,赵霞,等. 低温高效植物油脂降解菌的筛选与特性[J]. 环境科学研究, 2009,22(12):1 466-1 471.
[20] 李晨阳. 土著微生物介导的CO2咸水层封存过程的生物地球化学行为研究[D]. 长春:吉林大学, 2017.
[21] 董姗姗. 基于土著微生物的地下水TCE/NO3 N混合污染修复技术研究[D]. 北京:中国地质大学(北京), 2018.
