初步研究赖氨酸芽孢杆菌(Lysinibacillus fusiformis)He14发酵产物的抗真菌活性。采用生长速率法研究He14发酵液对8株病原真菌的拮抗作用。对抑真菌活性成分进行稳定性试验。考察萃取、沉淀和大孔吸附树脂对发酵液活性成分的富集情况。采用硅胶柱层析对活性成分进行初步纯化。菌株He14发酵液对8株病原真菌的生长均有抑制作用。抑真菌活性成分对高温、强酸强碱及紫外有一定稳定性。筛选到LX-60大孔吸附树脂对活性物质的富集效果最好。活性粗产物经硅胶柱层析得到3个混合组分,对辣椒灰霉病菌、马铃薯晚疫病菌、马铃薯早疫病菌、水稻纹枯病菌和须毛癣菌有不同程度的抑制作用,其中组分Ⅱ对马铃薯晚疫病菌抑制效果较好。赖氨酸芽孢杆菌He14在拮抗病原真菌方面有许多优良性状,研究结果为该菌在生物防治及医药方面的应用提供了实验基础。
The antifungal activity of fermentation broth of Lysinibacillus fusiformis He14 was analyzed, and eight pathogenic fungi were selected in this study. The stabilities of the antifungal components during extraction, precipitation and macroporous resin adsorption processes were investigated, respectively. It was found that the fermentation broth of strain He14 had inhibitory effects on all the eight pathogenic fungi and the bioactive substances were stable under extreme conditions of temperature, pH and UV. Moreover, LX-60 macroporous resin showed the best capability to adsorb and desorb bioactive components and three mixed components obtained through silica gel column chromatography showed inhibitory effects against Botrytis cinerea, Phytophthora infestans, Alternaria solani, Thanatephorus cucumeris and Trichophyton mentagrophytes. Component Ⅱ exhibited the highest inhibition effect on P. infestans. It was concluded that L. fusiformis He14 has excellent traits in antipathogenic fungus, which provides an experimental basis for the application of L. fusiformis in the fields of biological control and medicine.
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