采用单因素实验法,选取样品切片5 mm,55 ℃的干燥条件下研究静电装置对胡萝卜、香蕉的热风干燥特性。实验对样品的干湿基含水率、干燥速率、脱水率的变化情况进行了分析。结果表明,在进行热风干燥的同时添加静电装置提高果蔬前期干燥速率与脱水率,最多可缩短干燥时间16.67%,降低能耗17%,复水率提升14%。物料初始含水率越高,静电装置的作用越明显。对数据进行了数学拟合,决定系数R2、均方根误差RMSE分别为0.990 8～0.998 3、0.011 28～0.022 82,证实了Weibull分布函数模型适合静电装置联合热风干燥。静电装置具有抑制微生物生长、提升干燥品质的作用,且静电装置耗能低,辅助干燥效果明显,在食品干燥方面有着广阔的应用前景。
The single-factor experimental method was used to study the hot air-drying characteristics of carrots and bananas under electrostatic conditions of 5 mm, 55 ℃. The changes of dry basis moisture content and wet basis moisture content, drying rate and dehydration rate of the sample were analyzed in this study. The results showed that the addition of electrostatic devices at the same time of hot air drying could decrease the drying time by 16.67%, reduce energy consumption by 17% and rehydration rate increased by 14%, respectively. Meanwhile, the higher the initial moisture content of the material, the increased drying rate and dehydration rates of fruits and vegetables in the early stage. The data showed that the coefficient of determination and the root mean square error range were 0.990 8-0.998 3 and 0.011 28-0.022 82, respectively. It was confirmed that the Weibull distribution function model was suitable for electrostatic devices combined with hot air drying. The electrostatic device could suppress the growth of microorganisms and improve the quality of drying. The energy consumption of electrostatic devices is low and has broad application prospects in the food drying field.
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