分析不同生态环境下羊肚菌挥发性物质,探讨其生态环境的影响。采用顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱法对不同生态环境的羊肚菌挥发性物质进行定性定量分析,并通过统计分析进行聚类。结果表明,不同生态环境羊肚菌样共鉴定出33种挥发性物质,包括了7类物质,其中醛类化合物比例最高,酯、醇、烃化合物、含硫化合物含量其次,酮、呋喃含量最低;不同生态环境样品在挥发性物质种类、含量及主体挥发性香气成分存在一定差异,某些挥发性香气成分具有一定生境特异性;通过主成分和聚类分析将样品分为3个类群,相同生境驯化栽培样品聚为一类。该研究结果可为羊肚菌驯化栽培和后期生产加工提供理论依据。
The impact of ecological environment on Morchella was explored by analyzing volatile substances extracted from Morchella grown in different habitats by headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Principal component analysis and cluster analysis were subsequently used for the identification and isolation of these volatile components. Thirty-three volatile substances, classified into seven types, were identified from these samples. Among these, the proportion of aldehydes was the highest, followed by ester, alcohols, hydrocarbons, and sulfides, while that of ketones and furans was the lowest. There were some differences in the type, content, and chemical nature of principal volatile aroma compounds among samples collected from different ecological environments; and some of the volatile substances exhibited specificity to certain habitats. Through principal component analysis and cluster analysis, the samples could be divided into three groups, with samples domesticated and cultivated in the same habitat classified into a single group. These results could provide a theoretical basis for the domestication, cultivation, and processing of Morchella.
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