采用96孔板初筛以及摇瓶复筛方法,从淤泥中分离到1株去除氨氮能力强的菌株,经形态学、生理生化、16S rDNA鉴定,确定为解淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens)。该菌株经细菌同化作用实现对氨氮以及亚硝酸盐氮的去除,对100 mg/L的氨氮去除率达92.32%,对50 mg/L亚硝酸盐可完全去除,高氨氮情况下有更高的降解速率,并且在3.2 g/L有机氮情况下仍可有效去除氨氮。当发酵培养基碳氮比(质量比)为1.32时,摇瓶发酵产芽孢浓度为2.3×109 CFU/mL。在3 L发酵罐补料发酵过程中,当葡萄糖补料速度为10 mg/(L·h)时,24 h产芽孢数可达1.12×1010 CFU/mL。将发酵液与玉米芯粉混合制得菌剂,并用于模拟养殖水体,对不同浓度的初始氨氮均有快速高效的去除效果,平均去除率为3.92 mg/(L·h),展示了对养殖水体良好的水质调控作用。
A strain for efficient removal of amine nitrogen was isolated from the sludge using 96-well plate screening and shake flask fermentation. The strain was identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens by morphology, physiology and 16s rDNA identification. The nitrogen-removing properties were investigated. It was able to remove ammonia and nitrite by assimilation with the removal rate for ammonia of 92.32% when the ammonia concentration was 100 mg/L, and the removal rate for nitrite of 100% when the nitrite concentration was 50 mg/L. The strain removed ammonia at higher speed under higher ammonia concentration and could effectively remove ammonia under as high as 3.2 g/L organic nitrogen. Optimization of spore-producing fermentation was carried out in shake flask, and a spore concentration of 2.3×109 CFU/mL was obtained when C:N (mass ratio) was 1.32. In a 3 L fermenter, the spore concentration reached 1.12×1010 CFU/mL in 24 h fed with 10 mg/(L·h) of glucose. The fermentation broth was mixed with corn cob powder and could remove ammonia fast and efficiently under different initial concentrations of ammonia in simulated aquaculture water. The average removal rate of ammonia was 3.92 mg/(L·h), outstanding ability to improve the water quality in aquaculture.
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