生产与科研应用

板式换热器中豆浆的沉积行为

  • 曾庆军 ,
  • 华欲飞 ,
  • 陈业明 ,
  • 孔祥珍
展开
  • (江南大学 食品学院,江苏 无锡,214122)
硕士研究生(本文通讯作者,E-mail:756564291@qq.com)

收稿日期: 2019-12-24

  网络出版日期: 2020-08-04

Fouling behavior of soy milk in plate heat exchanger

  • ZENG Qingjun ,
  • HUA Yufei ,
  • CHEN Yeming ,
  • KONG Xiangzhen
Expand
  • (School of Food Science and Technology,Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China)

Received date: 2019-12-24

  Online published: 2020-08-04

摘要

采用热交换器加热豆浆时,在换热表面会形成沉积物,从而影响换热效率。该研究组装了一套小型的板式换热设备系统,探讨在不同pH和不同进料温度下,蛋白质质量分数3.50%的豆浆加热到105~125 ℃时的沉积行为及沉积物组分的变化。结果表明,当豆浆pH≥6.5时,总传热系数(U)及沉积因子(Rf)随着加热时间增加而表现为渐进变化过程;而在pH 6.3时,U和Rf在90 min左右出现突变。随着豆浆进料温度的升高,Rf增大。沉积物的成分分析表明,随着豆浆pH与进料温度的降低,沉积物中的蛋白质和脂肪含量逐渐升高,而灰分含量逐渐降低。豆浆pH在中性附近且豆浆直接进入加热段而不进行预热,是缓解沉积问题的关键。

本文引用格式

曾庆军 , 华欲飞 , 陈业明 , 孔祥珍 . 板式换热器中豆浆的沉积行为[J]. 食品与发酵工业, 2020 , 46(13) : 182 -189 . DOI: 10.13995/j.cnki.11-1802/ts.023189

Abstract

When soy milk is heated by a heat exchanger, deposits are formed on the heat exchange surface, thereby affects its heat exchange efficiency. In this study, a small plate heat exchanger system was first assembled. The fouling behavior and compositions of deposit by soy milk with a protein concentration of 3.50% at 105-125 ℃ were studied at different pH and different feed temperatures. The results showed that when the pH of soy milk was ≥6.5, the overall heat transfer coefficient (U) and fouling factor (Rf) showed a gradual change with heating time. At pH 6.3, U and Rf showed a mutation process at about 90 min. The fouling factor of the soy milk increased with the increase of the feed temperature. According to the composition analysis of the deposits, as the pH and feed temperatures of the soy milk decreased, the protein and fat content in the sediment gradually increased, while the ash content gradually decreased. From the perspective of alleviating fouling problems, the first is to ensure that the pH of the soy milk is near neutral, and the second is that the soy milk directly enters the heating section without preheating.

参考文献

[1] SCHREIER, ROBERT P J. Monitoring and modelling of heat exchanger fouling[D]. Cambridge: University of Cambridge, 1995.
[2] FRYER P J, SLATER N K H. A direct simulation procedure for chemical reaction fouling in heat exchangers[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 1985, 31(2):97-107.
[3] FRYER P J, SLATER N K H. A novel fouling monitor[J]. Chemical Engineering Communications, 2007, 57(1):139-152.
[4] BURTON H, SECTION G. Deposits from whole milk in heat treatment plant—a review and discussion[J]. Journal of Dairy Research, 1968, 35(2):317.
[5] GOTHAM, MARTYN S. Mechanisms of protein fouling of heat exchangers[D]. Cambridge: University of Cambridge, 1990.
[6] TISSIER J P, LALANDE M. Experimental device and methods for studying milk deposit formation on heat exchange surfaces[J]. Biotechnology Progress, 1968,2(4):218-229.
[7] DAUFIN G, QUEMERAIS J P, QUEMERAIS A, et al.Fouling of a heat exchange surface by whey, milk and model fluids. An analytical study [J]. Lait, 1987, 67(3): 339-364.
[8] MICHEL B, MARGARET L, GREEN M B, et al. Deposit formation on heated surfaces: Effect of interface energetics[J]. Journal of Dairy Research, 1988, 55(4):551-562.
[9] FOSTER C L, BRITTEN M, GREEN M L. A model heat-exchange apparatus for the investigation of fouling of stainless steel surfaces by milk I. Deposit formation at 100 ℃ [J]. Journal of Dairy Research,1989, 56(2): 201-209.
[10] LUND D, BIXBY D. Fouling of heat exchanger surfaces by milk [J]. Process Biochem, 1975, 10:52-55.
[11] CHANGANI S D, BELMAR-BEINY M T, FRYER P J. Engineering and cleaning factors associated with fouling and cleaning in milk processing[J]. Experimental Thermal & Fluid Science, 1997, 14(4):392-406.
[12] WANG J, LI L, FU N, et al. A comparative study on fouling and cleaning characteristics of soy protein isolate (SPI)[J]. Nephron Clinical Practice, 2018, 14(4):550-557.
[13] BANSAL B, CHEN X D. A critical review of milk fouling in heat exchangers[J]. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science & Food Safety, 2006,5(2):27-33.
[14] LAEMMLI B U K. Cleavage of structural proteins during assembly of head of bacteriophage-T4[J]. Nature, 1970, 227(5 259):680-685.
[15] DELPLACE F, LEULIET J C, TISSIER J P, et al. Fouling experiments of a plate heat exchanger by whey protein solutions [J]. Food and Bioproducts Processing: Transactions of the Institution of of Chemical Engineers, Part C,1994, 72:1-8.
[16] LALANDE M, TISSIER J P, CORRIEU G. Fouling of a plate heat exchanger used in ultra-high-temperature sterilization of milk[J]. Journal of Dairy Research, 1984, 51(4):557.
[17] GUO J, YANG X Q, HE X T, et al. Limited aggregation behavior of β-conglycinin and its terminating effect on glycinin aggregation during heating at pH 7.0[J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2012, 60(14):3 782-3 791.
[18] PRAKASH S, KRAVCHUK O, DEETH H. Influence of pre-heat temperature, pre-heat holding time and high-heat temperature on fouling of reconstituted skim milk during UHT processing[J]. Journal of Food Engineering, 2015, 153:45-52.
[19] ZHANG H, TAKENAKA M, ISOBE S. DSC and electrophoretic studies on soymilk protein denaturation[J]. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 2004, 75(3):719-726.
[20] SRICHANTRA A, NEWSTEAD D F, MCCARTHY O J, et al. Effect of preheating on fouling of a pilot scale UHT sterilizing plant by recombined, reconstituted and fresh whole milks[J]. Food and Bioproducts Processing, 2006, 84(4):279-285.
[21] BURTON H. Seasonal variation in deposit formation from whole milk on a heated surface [J].Journal of Dairy Research, 1967, 34(2): 137-143.
[22] ROSA M T M G, GUIMARÃES, DANIELA H P, et al. Experimental measurements and simulation of the fouling phenomena of natural proteins[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2019, 129:1 075-1 085.
[23] LYSTER R L J. The denaturation of α-lactalbumin and β-lactoglobulin in heated milk[J]. Journal of Dairy Research, 1970, 37(2):233-243.
[24] LALANDE M, JEANCCIERRE TISSIER. Fouling of heat transfer surfaces related to β-actoglobulin denaturation during heat processing of milk[J]. Biotechnology Progress, 1985, 1(2):131-139.
[25] GOTHAM S M, FRYER P J, PRITCHARD A M. β-Lactoglobulin denaturation and aggregation reactions and fouling deposit formation: A DSC study[J]. International Journal of Food Science & Technology, 2007, 27(3):313-327.
[26] VISSER J, JEURNINK T J M. Fouling of heat exchangers in the dairy industry[J]. Experimental Thermal & Fluid Science, 1997, 14(4):407-424.
[27] HAGSTEN C, ALTSKÄR A, GUSTAFSSON S, et al. Composition and structure of high temperature dairy fouling[J]. Food Structure, 2016, 7:13-20.
文章导航

/