花生四烯酸(arachidonic acid,AA)是一种人体必须的不饱和脂肪酸,可广泛应用于多个领域。目前,由于消费者对生物源制品的青睐,微生物发酵法成为制备AA的首选方法。微生物发酵法生产AA的核心是高产菌株的筛选,针对该问题,各国学者对其进行了一系列的研究。文章综述了近年来AA育种技术的进展和成果,着重介绍了自然选育、物理诱变、化学诱变、原生质体诱变、杂交育种这五种方法的研究现状,并对如何进一步完善AA菌种选育技术进行了探讨和展望。

Arachidonic acid(AA) is one of the necessary polyunsaturated fatty acids for human being and can be used in many fields.The preferred method to produce AA is fermentation because of consumer's good graces in recent years.The core issue of AA production by fermentation is the high-yield strain selection.To address this issue,more and more scholars got involved in the study and have achieved some success.This paper reviewed the advances of research on AA strain improvement technology,highlighted five research methods,namely natural screening,physical mutagenesis,chemical mutation,protoplast mutagenesis and cross breeding,and ways to refine the AA strain selection technology was also prospected.