为了从新资源昆虫中获得优质蛋白质,采用碱性蛋白酶法对重大害虫马尾松毛虫蛹中的蛋白质进行了提取,并对产品进行了营养价值评价。单因素实验表明:酶量、料液比、提取液pH值和提取温度对该虫蛹蛋白质的提取具有显著影响(P<0.05),但提取时间无显著影响(P>0.05)。在单因素实验的基础上进行正交设计优化获得的最佳条件为:酶量为1.8%(3 600 U/g原料),料液比1∶40(g∶mL),提取温度45℃,提取时间40 min,提取pH值为12。沉淀pH为4.5,沉淀温度为25℃,沉淀时间为60 min。所得昆虫蛋白质产品的粗蛋白质含量为79.3%,得率为48.3%。氨基酸总量为71.91%;必须氨基酸占氨基酸总量的42.01%,且氨基酸价均在100以上,表明所得产品为高品质蛋白产品。

To obtain the high-quality proteins from insect resources,alkali proteinase was used in proteins extraction from pupae of Dendrolimus punctatusWalker and protein nutrition evaluation were determined.The results revealed that the enzyme amount,the ratio of materials to extraction solvent,the extraction temperature and extraction pH had significant effects on the proteins extraction(P < 0.05);the extraction time had no significant effect.The optimal conditions confirmed by orthogonal test were: enzyme amount 1.8%(3 600U/g material),ratio of materials to extraction 1∶40,extraction temperature 45℃,extraction time 40 min,extraction pH 12.0,precipitation pH 4.5,precipitation temperature 25℃,precipitation time 60 min.The protein content of the product obtained with the optimal condition was 79.3%,and the extraction rate was 48.3%,The total amino acids content was 71.91%,of which the essential amino acids content was 42.01%;in addition,all amino acid values were over 100 suggesting the product was a high-quality protein product.