采用捏合机为反应器,结合高压,乙醇保护法和中等水分湿热制备非晶颗粒态淀粉原理,研究制备非晶颗粒态淀粉的新方法。考察了反应温度,乙醇体积分数,淀粉湿度,反应时间和反应压力对玉米淀粉的非晶化的影响,用偏光显微镜观测处理后的淀粉颗粒结构变化。结果表明∶捏合机反应槽中,反应温度为80℃,乙醇溶液中水与95%乙醇质量比为1∶1,原淀粉与乙醇溶液质量比为8∶5,在密闭的环境下反应时间为20min,可制备出非晶化率达到体积分数95%以上,无需洗涤可直接干燥,分散性良好的非晶颗粒态玉米淀粉。

A kneader used as a reactor to study a new method for preparation of non-crystal granular starch with principles of high-pressure process,ethanol's protect and heat treatment in mid-content water.It investigated that the effects of reaction temperature,concentration of ethanol,humidity of starch,reaction time and pressure on non-crystal granular corn starch,the structures of treated starch particles were observed by polarizing microscope.The results indicate:when reaction temperature was 80℃,weight ratio of alcohol solution which was the mixture of water and 95% of ethanol(1∶1,m/m)to native starch was 5 to 8 in the airtight environment for 20min,95% of original corn starch particles was converted into amorphous non-crystal granular state which was no need to washing,direct drying and dispersed well.