秸秆是一种储量极为丰富的农业废弃物,用其生产燃料乙醇是一项不危及粮食安全又有助于解决世界能源危机的有效途径。对目前国内外利用秸秆生产燃料乙醇的研究状况进行了阐述,同时指出秸秆发酵生产乙醇的关键问题是秸秆的预处理方法、纤维素酶水解、菌种的选育和适宜工艺的选择,在生产和研究中应该将三者视为一个相互关联的整体,力求达到整体的工艺优化和产量提高。在此基础上,提出在纤维素燃料乙醇技术成熟之前,利用秸秆中的可发酵糖直接进行燃料乙醇生产是一种切实可行的方式。

Straw is an agricultural residue that is plenty in quantity and can be a raw material for bioethanol production.Bioconversion of straw to fuel ethanol is becoming a viable avenue to alleviate the energy crisis around the world without jeopardizing food source for the human race.This work introduces related research and reviews at home and abroad on bioethanol production using straw.The crucial problems of bioconversion were analyzed which includes the pretreatment method of straw material,enzymatic hydrolysis of straw by cellulase,screening and construction of strain and choosing of fermentation process.To optimize the entire process and enhance productivity,it is important to treat the above mentioned issues as an interrelated whole.Based on the understandings,the suggestion is that,while the cellulosic ethanol technology is in the development phase,converting fermentable sugar in straw directly to fuel ethanol can be considered a feasible way.