运用热水浸提、乙醇沉淀、Sevag法脱蛋白、乙醇再沉淀的方法提取双孢蘑菇子实体多糖。在单因素(提取温度、提取时间、水料比及提取次数)实验基础上,运用4因素3水平的正交实验,对多糖的提取参数进行优化,优化得到的提取条件为:温度80℃、时间4 h、水料比50 mL/g、提取3次,该条件下多糖的提取率为3.5105%。苯酚-硫酸法测量粗多糖产品的多糖含量为71.84%。在10 mg/mL、25℃条件下,乌氏黏度计法测量粗多糖产品的相对黏度(相对于去离子水)为1.109 6。KBr压片法扫描了粗多糖的红外光谱,多糖的特征吸收峰(3 700~3 100 cm-1和3 000~2 800 cm-1)清晰可见。

Polysaccharides from sporocarp of Agaricus bisporus was extracted by using methods of hot water lixiviation,ethanol precipitation,Sevag's deproteination and ethanol precipitation again.Extraction temperature,extraction time,ratio of water to raw material and extraction times were selected in single-factor tests.Based on the single-factor tests,combination of the extraction parameters was optimized by using four-factor-three-level orthogonal test.The optimum conditions were extracting temperature 80 ℃,extracting time 4 h,ratio of water to raw material 50 mL/g and extraction times 3.Practicing this optimal condition,extraction yield of polysaccharides from sporocarp of Agaricus bisporus was 3.510 5%.In crude polysaccharides of Agaricus bisporus sporocarp,carbohydrates content,determined by applying the phenol-sulfuric acid method,was 71.84%.Relative viscosity(to deionized water),detected by using Ubbelohde viscosimeter,was 1.109 6 at temperature of 25 ℃ and concentration of 10 mg/mL.In FTIR spectrum obtained from KBr pellet method,characteristic absorptions(3 700~3 100 cm-1 and 3 000~2 800 cm-1) of polysaccharides were observed clearly.