研究了猴头菇、金针菇和平菇固态发酵杜仲叶渣和杜仲皮的半纤维素、纤维素和木质素的降解变化规律。半纤维素、纤维素和木质素在杜仲叶渣中的含量分别是9.83、39.00和164.67 mg/g,在杜仲皮中的含量分别是32.297、108.313和44.667 mg/g。杜仲叶渣中的半纤维素、纤维素和木质素的质量分数,通过猴头菇68 d固态发酵分别下降55.29%、80.36%和12.55%,通过金针菇61 d固态发酵分别下降54.68%、82.53%和23.08%,通过平菇58 d固态发酵分别下降51.35%、40.70%和57.09%。猴头菇液体菌种发酵的菌丝满瓶时间比固体菌种发酵的提高4 d,金针菇、平菇的液体菌种与固体菌种发酵的菌丝满瓶时间差距在2 d之内。对杜仲皮木质素的发酵降解,猴头菇、平菇的固体菌种占优,但金针菇两类菌种发酵降解效果差且差异很小;对杜仲皮纤维素的发酵降解,猴头菇、金针菇的液体菌种占优,但平菇2类菌种的发酵降解效果差且差异小;对杜仲皮半纤维素的发酵降解,3种食用菌的固体与液体菌种能力相当。

The leaves residual and bark of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver was used to culture Hericium,Flammulina velutipes and Pleurotus ostreatus,some rules of the degradation of hemicellulose,cellulose and lignin had been got. The mass fraction of hemicellulose,cellulose and lignin was 9. 834 mg /g,38. 997 mg /g and 164. 667 mg /g in the leaves residual,32. 297 mg /g,108. 313 mg /g and 44. 667 mg /g in the bark of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver. When Hericium was cultured 68 days,the mass fraction of hemicellulose,cellulose and lignin was dropped 61. 0%,80. 3% and 12. 5%.When Flammulina velutipes was cultured 61 days,the mass fraction was dropped 37. 3%,82. 5% and 23. 1%. When Pleurotus ostreatus was cultured 58 days,the mass fraction was dropped 30. 3%,40. 7% and 57. 1%. The results of solid state fermentation of the Eucommia ulmoides bark showed that the full culturing time of liquid spawn was 4 days in advance than that of solid spawn when Hericium was cultured,while there was only 2 days when the Flammulina velutipes and Pleurotus ostreatus were cultured. On the degradation of lignin,the solid spawn of Hericium and Pleurotus ostreatus were better,while the two types of spawns of Flammulina velutipes had little difference and the effects were poor.On the degradation of cellulose,the liquid spawn of Hericium and Flammulina velutipes were better,but the two types of spawns of Pleurotus ostreatus had little difference and the effects were poor. When the degradation of hemicelluloses was mentioned,two types of spawns of the three edible fungi had almost the same capabilities.