采用响应面实验对鳀鱼油皂脚的酸化工艺进行了优化,并对得到的高酸值粗鱼油进行了脂肪酸分析。结果表明:当皂脚酸化的工艺条件为:H2SO4用量4.18 mL/100 g、反应时间60 min、反应温度71℃、料液比3∶7(g∶mL),皂的转化率高达99.92%;粗鱼油中共检出26种脂肪酸,其中不饱和脂肪酸占51.69%,饱和脂肪酸占37.18%,必需脂肪酸占2.78%,EPA和DHA占21.89%。

Acidification processing of Engraulis japonicus oil's soapstock was optimized by Response surface methodology and fatty acid composition was analyzed in the study. Experimental results showed that optimal processing conditions were: H2SO44. 18 mL /100 g,reaction time 60 min,reaction temperature 71℃,ratio of material to liquid3∶ 7 /g∶ mL,and the conversion rate of soap was 99. 92%. There were 26 kinds of fatty acid in the crude oil with high acid value. The content of unsaturated fatty acids,saturated fatty acids,essential fatty acids,EPA and DHA were51. 69%,37. 18%,2. 78%,21. 89% respectively of the total fatty acids.