采用GC/MS法对江苏沿海四种低值贝类软体中脂肪酸类成分进行定性分析,建立了HPLC法测定4种贝类软体中多烯不饱和脂肪酸二十碳五烯酸(简称EPA)和二十二碳六烯酸(简称DHA)的方法,在此基础上分析不同采收期4种贝类软体EPA和DHA的动态积累规律以评价这4种贝类软体的适宜采收期;同时以Waters Sun Fire C18柱(2.1 mm×100 mm,3.5μm)为色谱柱,乙腈(含0.1%磷酸)-水(含0.1%磷酸)(体积比74∶26)为流动相,流速0.6 m L/min等度洗脱,检测波长205 nm。该方法下,EPA-甲酯和DHA-甲酯分别在1.005 0~80.40μg/m L、1.106 2~88.50μg/m L范围内呈良好的线性关系,灵敏度高,重现性好。不同的采收期,4种贝类软体中EPA和DHA的含量变化明显,在6.7月份时达到最高,菲律宾蛤仔、文蛤、青蛤和四角蛤蜊软体中EPA和DHA的总量分别为:771.56~4 565.38μg/g、263.11~3 115.78μg/g、5 907.83~12 023.06μg/g和422.71~2 416.27μg/g。从产量和有效成分EPA和DHA的总量变化上综合考虑,建议菲律宾蛤仔、青蛤和四角蛤蜊最佳采收期在6月,而文蛤最佳采收期在7月。

The qualitative analysis of free fatty acids in four shellfish flesh in the coast of Jiangsu was performed using GC / MS method. Moreover,the HPLC method to determine cis-5,8,11,14,17-eicosapentaenoic acid( EPA)and cis-4,7,10,13,16,19-docosahexaenoic acid( DHA) in these shellfish flesh was first established; the dynamic accumulation law of polyunsaturated fatty acid EPA and DHA in four shellfish flesh was tested to find out the optimal harvest time. The Waters Sun Fire C18column( 2. 1 mm × 100 mm,3. 5 μm) was used at a flow rate of 0. 6 m L / min with acetonitrile( containing 0. 1% phosphoric acid)-water( containing 0. 1% phosphoric acid)( 76 ∶ 24) as the mobile phase. The eluent was detected at 205 nm. By the above-mentioned method,EPA-methyl ester and DHAmethyl ester exhibited good linear relationship within the range of 1. 005 0 ~ 80. 40 μg / m L and the range of 1. 106 2~ 88. 48 μg / m L respectively,with high sensitivity and good reproducibility. The total contents of Eicosapentaenoic acid and Docosahexaenoic acid in four shellfish flesh were significantly different in different harvest time,where June or July turned out to be the optimal harvest time. The total contents of EPA and DHA in Ruditapesphilippinarum ranged from 771. 56 μg / g to 4 565. 38 μg / g and,Meretrixmeretrix linnaeus,Cyclinasinensis and Mactraveneriformis reeve was 263. 11 μg / g to 3 115. 78 μg / g,5 907. 83 μg / g to 12 023. 06 μg / g and 422. 71 μg / g to 2 416. 27 μg / g,respectively. Based on the production and total contents of effective constituents( EPA and DHA),the best harvest time for Ruditapesphilippinarum,Cyclinasinensis,Mactraveneriformis reeveisin June,and Meretrixmeretrix linnaeusis in July.