益生菌能够维护肠道健康,为宿主提供多种健康益处。为了筛选出具有益生特性的优良菌株,该研究从母乳中分离筛选出22株乳杆菌和3株双歧杆菌。通过耐酸耐胆盐能力测试,筛选出7株菌株,并对其进行抗生素耐药性和致病菌抑制能力的测定。结果显示,除菌株M33外其余菌株都有较好的耐酸能力;鼠李糖乳杆菌M53和M60,副干酪乳杆菌M71,植物乳杆菌M113和3株双歧杆菌耐胆盐能力较好,其中M53和短双歧杆菌grx05耐胆盐能力较高,达到45.72%和75.54%;菌株M71和grx05对8种抗生素敏感,菌株M53,M118和S18对6种抗生素敏感,具有较高的安全性;菌株M53对3株革兰氏阳性菌和2株革兰氏阴性菌有明显的抑制效果,菌株grx05对3株革兰氏阳性菌和1株革兰氏阴性菌有明显的抑制效果。综合分析,鼠李糖乳杆菌M53和短双歧杆菌grx05有希望作为具有益生特性的菌株应用到发酵食品或益生菌制剂开发。
Probiotics can provide multiple health benefits for the host. In this study, twenty-two Lactobacillus strains and three Bifidobacterium strains were isolated from breast milk to screen strains with excellent probiotic properties. Seven strains were screened through acid and bile salt tolerance test, and subsequently the antibiotic sensitivity and the ability to inhibit pathogenic bacteria of these strains were determined. The results showed that all strains except strain M33 had good acid tolerance; Lactobacillus rhamnosus M53 and M60, Lactobacillus paracasei M71, Lactobacillus plantarum M113 and three Bifidobacterium strains exhibited good bile tolerance. Especially, bile tolerance of M53 and Bifidobacterium breve grx05 reached 45.72% and 75.54%, respectively. Strains M71 and grx05 were sensitive to eight kinds of antibiotics, and strains M53, M118 and S18 were sensitive to six kinds of antibiotics and had high safety; strain M53 was able to inhibit three Gram-positive bacteria and two Gram-negative bacteria, strain grx05 had obvious inhibitory effect on three Gram-positive bacteria and one Gram-negative bacteria. In summary, L. rhamnosus M53 and B. breve grx05 are promising for the development of fermented food or probiotic preparations.
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