该实验测定了32株双歧杆菌和乳杆菌对水苏糖的利用情况,发现共有15株菌株能够利用水苏糖,包括短双歧杆菌、齿双歧杆菌、长双歧杆菌长亚种、假小链双歧杆菌、发酵乳杆菌、副格氏乳杆菌、罗伊氏乳杆菌、瘤胃乳杆菌以及唾液乳杆菌。通过分析细菌培养上清液中水苏糖和棉籽糖含量、α-半乳糖苷酶活力以及基因组草图,发现双歧杆菌和乳杆菌对水苏糖的利用方式存在差异。(1)以双歧杆菌为代表,利用msmEFG转运体转运水苏糖,再由α-半乳糖苷酶、β-呋喃果糖苷、α-葡萄糖苷酶或低聚-1,6-葡糖苷酶等酶水解为单糖再利用;(2)以乳杆菌为代表,利用透性酶或ABC(ATP-binding cassette)转运系统将水苏糖转运至胞内水解利用;(3)以长双歧杆菌长亚种L28和罗伊氏乳杆菌L17为例,存在胞外α-半乳糖苷酶,可在细胞外将水苏糖初步水解以便进一步利用。该文研究双歧杆菌和乳杆菌对水苏糖的利用特性,对研究水苏糖与人体健康的关系具有指导意义。
The ability of utilizing stachyose was determined for 32 strains of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus, 15 strains were found to utilize stachyose, including Bifidobacterium breve, Bifidobacterium dentium, Bifidobacterium longum ssp. longum, Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum, Lactobacillus fermentum, Lactobacillus paragasseri, Lactobacillus reuteri, Lactobacillus ruminis and Lactobacillus salivarius. By analyzing the content of stachyose and raffinose in the bacterial culture supernatant, the activity of α-galactosidase and the draft genome, the differences in the utilization of stachyose between Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus were found. Some Bifidobacterium strains could intake stachyose by msmEFG transporter, which was then hydrolyzed by the enzymes such as α-galactosidase, β-fructofuranosidase, α-glucosidase and oligo-1,6-glucosidase. Some Lactobacillus could intake stachyose by permease or ABC (ATP-binding cassette) transport system and then hydrolyzed in the cell. Some bacteria had extracellular α-galactosidase, which could hydrolyze stachyose outside the cell initially for further utilization, especially B. longum ssp. longum L28 and L. reuteri L17. This study focused on the characteristics of stachyose utilization by Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus, which will be valuable for the future research on the relationships between stachyose and human health.
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