从微生物菌群的动态变化来阐述厌氧消化过程已成为近年的研究热点之一。该文从微生物菌群变化的角度对碱预处理促进纤维质原料厌氧消化性能的原因进行了分析。通过对碱预处理组及对照组典型厌氧消化阶段进行取样、高通量测序后,比较二者在菌群结构方面的差异。结果表明,底物种类及碱处理均对厌氧消化菌群结构有显著影响。实验中共鉴定出10个门、16个属的微生物。微生物主要属于厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门、变形菌门和广古菌门。碱预处理可以显著促进厌氧消化中前期厚壁菌门微生物的增殖。从属水平看,碱处理促进了水解菌、产酸菌和产甲烷菌的增殖;对照组中的微生物更加多样化。甲烷鬃菌属在甲烷菌中占据优势,这表明在该研究条件下乙酸途径是产甲烷的主要途径。
Describing the anaerobic digestion (AD) process from the dynamic changes of microbial community is a hot research topic in recent years. In this paper, the reason why alkali treatment could promote the AD performance of cellulosic materials was described from the perspective of microbial community changes. The differences of microbial community structure between alkali treatment group and control group at typical AD stages were compared by sampling, extracting total bacterial DNA, and high-throughput sequencing. Results showed that substrate types and alkali treatment had significant effects on the AD microbial community. Ten phyla and 16 genera were identified in this study. Microorganisms mainly belong to Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria and Euryarchaeota at phylum level. Alkali treatment could significantly promote the proliferation of Firmicutes in the early and middle stage of AD. At genus level, alkali treatment promoted the proliferation of hydrolytic bacteria, acidogenic bacteria and methanogens. The microorganisms in the control group were more diverse. Methanosaeta was the dominant methanogen, which indicated that acetoclastic pathway was the main methane generation pathway in this study.
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