利用补救途径发酵生产环磷酸腺苷(cyclic adenosine monophosphate,cAMP)时,黄嘌呤氧化酶(xanthine oxidase,XOD)受次黄嘌呤诱导大量生成,将部分次黄嘌呤分解为尿酸,并伴随活性氧的产生,导致次黄嘌呤转化率低下和cAMP产量难以提高等问题。摇瓶发酵实验表明,添加槲皮素和木犀草素可以提高cAMP产量。在7 L发酵罐上,通过添加12 mg/L槲皮素,cAMP发酵产量达到5.33 g/L,与对照相比提高了33.92%,同时次黄嘌呤转化率得到明显提升,发酵性能显著提高。关键酶活性分析结果表明,槲皮素有效抑制XOD活性,减少了次黄嘌呤的分解,进而提高其转化率;6-磷酸葡萄糖脱氢酶、腺苷琥珀酸合成酶与腺苷酸环化酶活性均得到显著提高,更多碳流分配到磷酸戊糖途径用于产物合成。副产物尿酸含量的显著减少也表明次黄嘌呤的分解得到有效抑制。活性氧、丙二醛以及抗氧化酶活性的测定结果表明,槲皮素抑制XOD的活性,显著降低了活性氧含量,缓解氧化胁迫对细胞组分造成的损伤,增强细胞活性,使cAMP产量得到显著提升。
Hypoxanthine conversion yields, cell growth and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) production are lower when cAMP is produced via salvage pathway using hypoxanthine as the precursor substance. To solve these problems, shaking flask fermentation was carried out by feeding quercetin and luteolin during the fermentation. The results showed that the yield of cAMP greatly increased. In 7 L fermenter, the conversion rates of hypoxanthine and the fermentation performance were further improved, the cAMP concentration was 5.33 g/L with an increment of 33.92% by adding 12 mg/L-broth quercetin. The results showed that xanthine oxidase activities and hypoxanthine decomposition were greatly reduced by quercetin, thereby leading to higher hypoxanthine conversion yields.
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