食品与发酵工业 >

2022 , Vol. 48 >Issue 7: 186 - 194

DOI: https://doi.org/10.13995/j.cnki.11-1802/ts.028055

研究报告

基于主成分分析的微环境气调对蓝莓贮后货架品质的影响

  • 张鹏 ,
  • 于弘弢 ,
  • 李春媛 ,
  • 贾晓昱 ,
  • 薛友林 ,
  • 李江阔
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  • 1(天津市农业科学院 农产品保鲜与加工技术研究所,天津,300384)
    2(国家农产品保鲜工程技术研究中心(天津),农业农村部农产品贮藏保鲜重点实验室,天津市农产品采后生理与贮藏保鲜重点实验室,天津,300384)
    3(辽宁大学 轻型产业学院,辽宁 沈阳,110036)
博士,副研究员(李江阔研究员为通信作者,E-mail:lijkuo@sina.com)

收稿日期: 2021-05-18

  修回日期: 2021-06-15

  网络出版日期: 2022-04-27

基金资助

国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0401303);天津市农业科学院青年科研人员创新研究与实验项目(2019009)

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Effects of micro-environmental atmosphere on the quality of blueberries based on the principal component analysis

  • ZHANG Peng ,
  • YU Hongtao ,
  • LI Chunyuan ,
  • JIA Xiaoyu ,
  • XUE Youlin ,
  • LI Jiangkuo
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  • 1(Institute of Agricultural Products Preservation and Processing Technology,Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Tianjin 300384,China)
    2(Tianjin Key Laboratory of Postharvest Physiology and Storage of Agricultural Products,Key Laboratory of Storage of Agricultural Products,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Preservation of Agricultural Products(Tianjin),Tianjin 300384,China)
    3(College of Light Industry,Liaoning University,Shenyang 110036,China)

Received date: 2021-05-18

  Revised date: 2021-06-15

  Online published: 2022-04-27

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摘要

为了明确微环境气调处理对冰温贮藏[(-0.5±0.3) ℃]后进行的模拟家庭冰箱[(4.0±1.0)℃]贮藏蓝莓果实品质的影响,以莱克西蓝莓为试材,研究3种不同的气体微环境(mMAP1、mMAP2、mMAP3)处理对蓝莓果实品质的调控能力,并且比较出不同贮后货架时间蓝莓品质的差异。在贮藏及货架期间,mMAP1、mMAP2和mMAP3组的O2含量变化分别为11.6%~18.2%、8.8%~15.9%和1.5%~13.5%,CO2含量变化分别为2.3%~9.1%、4.5%~14.0%和8.8%~21.2%。与对照组相比,微环境气体调控延缓了蓝莓果实的营养物质(维生素C、花色苷和可滴定酸)损失和硬度下降,保持了较高的好果率和果霜覆盖指数,蓝莓果实品质排名为:mMAP3组>mMAP2组>mMAP1组。根据贮藏的各类品质指标对不同贮藏及货架天数的蓝莓品质进行主成分分析综合评价,综合得分由高到低依次为20、40、(20+7)、(20+14)、60、(40+7)、(60+7)、(40+14)和(60+14)d。进一步分析表明,O2含量维持在1.5%~13.5%,CO2含量维持在8.8%~21.2%的气体微环境对蓝莓贮藏的效果最佳,有利于蓝莓果实的长期贮藏。从主成分分析结果来看,(20+7) d与40 d、(60+7) d与(40+14)d的分值差距较小,说明(20+7) d与40 d、(60+7) d与(40+14) d的蓝莓品质相似。该研究可为蓝莓贮后货架保鲜方法提供更好的理论依据和技术参数支持。

关键词： 蓝莓; 微环境气调; 货架期; 品质; 主成分分析

本文引用格式

张鹏 , 于弘弢 , 李春媛 , 贾晓昱 , 薛友林 , 李江阔 . 基于主成分分析的微环境气调对蓝莓贮后货架品质的影响[J]. 食品与发酵工业, 2022 , 48(7) : 186 -194 . DOI: 10.13995/j.cnki.11-1802/ts.028055

Abstract

In order to clarify the influence of the micro-environment air conditioning treatment on the fruit quality of the simulated household refrigerator shelf (4.0±1.0) ℃ blueberry after ice temperature storage (-0.5±0.3) ℃, the Legacy blueberry was used as the test material and the regulation ability of three kinds of different micro-environment air conditioning(mMAP1, mMAP2, mMAP3) treatments on blueberry fruit quality was studied. The differences in blueberry quality between different shelf days after storage was compared. The results showed that during storage and shelf-life, the O2 content range of mMAP1, mMAP2 and mMAP3 groups were 11.6%-18.2%, 8.8%-15.9%, and 1.5%-13.5% respectively, and the CO2 content range of changes were 2.3%-9.1%, 4.5%-14.0% and 8.8%-21.2% respectively. Compared with the control group, micro-environmental gas regulation delayed the loss of nutrients (vitamin C, anthocyanins and titratable acid) and hardness of blueberry fruits, and maintained the good fruit percentage and frost cover index. The quality of blueberry fruits was ranked as: mMAP3 group>mMAP2 group> mMAP1 group. Principal component analysis (PCA) comprehensive evaluation of the quality of blueberries with different storage and shelf days according to various quality indicators of storage, the comprehensive scores from high to low were 20, 40, (20+7), (20+14), 60, (40+7), (60+7), (40+14) and (60+14) d. Further analysis showed that the gas micro-environment with O2 content maintained at 1.5%-13.5% and CO2 content maintained at 8.8%-21.2% had the best effect on blueberry storage and was beneficial to the long-term storage of blueberry fruits. From the results of the principal component analysis, the score difference between (20+7) d and 40 d, (60+7) d and (40+14) d was small which indicating that (20+7) d and 40 d, (60+7) d and the quality of blueberries at (40+14) d was similar. This research could provide a better theoretical basis and technical parameter support for the shelf preservation method of blueberries after storage.

Key words： blueberry; micro-environmental atmosphere; shelf life; quality; principal component analysis

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