综述与专题评论

益生菌对宿主肠道屏障功能的影响

  • 王超越 ,
  • 韩瑨 ,
  • 吴正钧 ,
  • 郭诚笑 ,
  • 唐月方
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  • 1(光明乳业股份有限公司乳业研究院,上海乳业生物工程技术研究中心,乳业生物技术国家重点实验室,上海,200436)
    2(上海海洋大学 食品学院,上海,201306)
第一作者:硕士研究生(吴正钧教授级高级工程师为通信作者,E-mail:wuzhengjun@brightdairy.com)

收稿日期: 2021-11-10

  修回日期: 2021-12-06

  网络出版日期: 2022-09-02

基金资助

国家重点研发计划课题项目(2019YFF0217603);上海乳业生物工程技术研究中心项目(19DZ2281400)

Effect of probiotics on the host intestinal barrier

  • WANG Chaoyue ,
  • HAN Jin ,
  • WU Zhengjun ,
  • GUO Chengxiao ,
  • TANG Yuefang
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  • 1(State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Dairy Biotechnology, Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy & Food Co.Ltd., Shanghai 200436, China)
    2(College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China)

Received date: 2021-11-10

  Revised date: 2021-12-06

  Online published: 2022-09-02

摘要

肠道是人体与外界环境之间最大的界面,不仅负责吸收必需的营养物质,还负责保护宿主免受各种毒素和病原体的侵害。肠屏障由机械屏障、化学屏障、菌群屏障和免疫屏障组成。肠屏障受损与多种胃肠疾病及肠外疾病的发生和发展有关。益生菌可通过多种途径来改善宿主肠道屏障功能:(1)通过促进细胞增殖、增强肠细胞之间的连接来改善机械屏障;(2)通过促进宿主对黏蛋白的表达来改善化学屏障;(3)通过竞争黏膜定殖位点、调节肠道菌群的组成来改善菌群屏障;(4)通过提升固有层中分泌免疫球蛋白A细胞的数量,提升肠腔黏液中分泌型免疫球蛋白A的水平来改善免疫屏障。文章总结了过去二十年研究益生菌改善肠道屏障功能、预防和缓解肠道疾病所取得的主要进展,强调了益生菌作为生物治疗剂在治疗肠道疾病中的菌株特异性,提出了在后续研究中可将灭活益生菌和益生菌代谢产物作为活益生菌的替代制剂用于治疗胃肠疾病的有效策略。

本文引用格式

王超越 , 韩瑨 , 吴正钧 , 郭诚笑 , 唐月方 . 益生菌对宿主肠道屏障功能的影响[J]. 食品与发酵工业, 2022 , 48(15) : 309 -315 . DOI: 10.13995/j.cnki.11-1802/ts.030031

Abstract

The intestinal tract is the largest interface between the body and the environment. It is not only responsible for absorbing essential nutrients, but also for protecting the host from various toxins and pathogens. The intestinal barrier consists of mechanical barrier, chemical barrier, microbial barrier and immune barrier. Impaired intestinal barrier is related to the occurrence and development of a variety of gastrointestinal and extraintestinal diseases. Probiotics can improve the host intestinal barrier function in many ways: (1) improve the mechanical barrier by promoting cell proliferation and enhancing junctions between intestinal cells; (2) improve the chemical barrier by promoting host expression of mucin; (3) improve the microbial barrier by competing for mucosal colonization sites and adjusting the composition of intestinal flora; (4) improve the immune barrier by increasing the number of IgA secreting cells in lamina propria and the level of sIgA in intestinal mucus. This paper summarizes the main progress of probiotics in improving intestinal barrier function, preventing and alleviating intestinal diseases in the past two decades. We also emphasize the strain specificity of probiotics as biotic therapeutic agents in the treatment of intestinal diseases and propose effective strategies to use inactivated probiotics and probiotics metabolites as alternative agents of living probiotics in the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases.

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