探究可乐、去离子水及新疆沙棘汁对釉质结构的影响。收集15颗牛上颌切牙制备30个牙釉质样本块,将30个样本随机分为可乐、去离子水及新疆沙棘汁组,每组10个釉质块。每天浸泡4次,每次90 s,其余时间存于人工唾液,14 d后显微维氏硬度仪检测其表面硬度,磷钼酸法检测处理溶液中的磷离子浓度,邻甲酚肽络合铜法检测钙离子浓度,扫描电镜观察其表面结构,激光共聚焦观察脱矿深度。3种溶液均导致牙釉质表面显微硬度值降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。磷溶出质量浓度由大至小分别为可乐组(15.487±1.168)×10-2 mmol/L、新疆沙棘汁组(8.891±1.423)×10-2 mmol/L和去离子水组(2.191±0.469)×10-2 mmol/L,钙溶出浓度由大至小分别为新疆沙棘汁组(69.422±1.543)×10-3 mg/mL、可乐组(9.744±1.117)×10-3 mg/mL和去离子水组(4.289±0.79)×10-3 mg/mL,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。扫描电镜下观察发现,去离子水组样本其表面结构未发现明显凹陷,仅见零星小凹陷;可乐组釉质表面见较密集的小凹陷,部分区域连接成片;新疆沙棘汁组釉质表面呈蜂窝状结构,表面凹陷面积连接成片。新疆沙棘汁组荧光染料渗透深度连续,均匀;可乐组荧光染料不连续;去离子水组中仅见到轻微荧光染料渗入。可乐、去离子水及新疆沙棘汁组均会引起釉质表面脱矿,脱矿程度由快变缓,持续脱矿;导致牙釉质表面脱矿程度最严重的为新疆沙棘汁。
To investigate the effects of deionized water, cola and Xinjiang sea buckthorn juice on the structure of enamel. Fifteen bovine maxillary incisors were collected, and the crowns of the bovine incisors were prepared into enamel blocks of 5 mm × 5 mm × 2 mm size. Using a random number table, 30 samples were randomly divided into cola, deionized water and Xinjiang sea buckthorn juice groups, with 10 enamel blocks in each group. The enamel blocks were all placed in a 37°C thermostat and immersed four times a day for 90 s each time, and stored in artificial saliva for the rest of the time. The treated solution and artificial saliva were collected and replaced daily. After 14 d, the surface hardness of the enamel block was measured with a microhardness meter, 10 mL of the treatment solution was used to measure the pH of each experimental solution using a pH meter, the phosphorus concentration of the treatment solution was measured using the phosphomolybdic acid method, the calcium concentration in the treatment solution was measured using the o-cresyl peptide complexed copper method, the scanning electron microscope was used to observe the surface structure of the enamel block, and the confocal laser scanning microscope was used to observe the depth of enamel block demineralization. Results showed that the deionized water group, cola group and sea buckthorn juice group all showed different degrees of changes on the surface of enamel mass after treatment, the deionized water group observed that the tooth surface changed to chalky color, the cola group and sea buckthorn juice group lost the surface of the sample and saw pigmentation. Deionized water, cola, and Xinjiang sea buckthorn juice all caused a decrease in enamel surface microhardness values, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The concentration of phosphorus dissolved was from the cola group (15.487±1.168)×10-2 mmol/L, Xinjiang sea buckthorn juice group (8.891±1.423)×10-2 mmol/L and deionized water group (2.191±0.469)×10-2 mmol/L, in descending order, and calcium dissolution concentrations from large to small were Xinjiang sea buckthorn juice group (69.422±1.543)×10-3 mg/mL, cola group (9.744±1.117)×10-3 mg/mL and deionized water group (4.289±0.79)×10-3 mg/mL, and the differences were statistically significant (P< 0.05). Scanning electron microscopy showed that no obvious depressions were found on the surface structure of the samples in the deionized water group, with only sporadic small depressions; the enamel surface in the cola group showed denser small depressions, with some areas connected into sheets; the enamel surface in the Xinjiang sea buckthorn juice group showed a honeycomb structure, with surface depressions connected into sheets. Laser confocal observation showed that the penetration depth in the Xinjiang sea buckthorn juice group was continuous and uniform with the largest A, TF, and AF values; the fluorescent dye in the cola group was discontinuous; and only slight fluorescent dye penetration was seen in the deionized water group. The cola group, the deionized water group and the Xinjiang sea buckthorn juice group all caused enamel surface demineralization, and the degree of demineralization was fast to slow and continuous; the Xinjiang sea buckthorn juice caused the most severe enamel surface demineralization, and the depth of demineralization was stronger than that of cola and deionized water groups.
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