在食品保质期内目前常用的镁/铁(Mg/Fe)无火焰自加热器加热食物,但存放时间稍长,则不能达到如期的热效率。以Mg/Fe型加热器为对象,通过开展55 ℃下加速试验,研究贮存过程中加热袋类型、加热剂类型及真空状态3种因素对加热器加热性能与食品加热效果的影响。结果表明,不同系列加热器的加热性能及食品加热效果随着贮存时间的延长均呈下降趋势。水、氧气与盐是发生加热电化学反应的重要因素,保持无盐与真空条件有助于贮存期内加热器加热性能及食品加热效果的维持。相比于PE袋,复合铝箔袋包装具有更好的阻隔空气与水蒸气性能,同样贮存时间条件下,复合铝箔袋包装的4个系列加热器加热性能及食品加热效果高于PE袋包装的4个系列加热器。研究结果为Mg/Fe型无火焰食品自加热器配方设计提供技术依据,有助于提高加热器在食品保质期内的加热效能。
The magnesium-iron (Mg/Fe) flameless self-heater currently used in foods cannot achieve the expected thermal efficiency during the food shelf life as the storage time goes on. In this study, the Mg/Fe type self-heater was subject to the accelerated tests at 55 ℃, and the effects of three factors in the storage period on heating performance and food heating effects were studied, including packaging bag materials, existence of salt electrolyte and vacuum. The results showed that the heating performance of different series self-heaters and food heating effects was decreased with the extension of storage time. Water, oxygen and salt were the important factors in the occurrence of heat electrochemical reactions, keeping no salt and vacuum conditions contribute to help maintain heating performance and food heating effect in the storage period. Compared to PE bags, composite aluminum foil bag packaging had better barrier air and water vapor performance. With the same package and storage time, heat performance and food heating effect of four series of heaters of composite aluminum foil bags were higher than that of PE bag packaging. The results provide technical basis for the Mg/Fe type flameless food self-heater formulation, which helps to provide heating efficiency during the food shelf life.
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