以新型材料马铃薯氧化羟丙基淀粉(potato oxidizes hydroxypropyl starch,POHS)为基材,纳米SiO2为增强剂,制备一种综合性能良好的纳米SiO2-POHS复合膜。研究纳米SiO2添加量、乳酸钙的添加量、糊化温度、糊化时间对POHS膜机械性能的影响,并结合响应面设计试验,探讨各因素之间的交互作用,得出复合膜制备的最佳工艺配方。通过傅里叶红外光谱分析、扫描电镜、X-射线衍射分析对膜结构进行表征,并测定其不透明度,水蒸气透过率,透油系数等物理指标。结果表明,当纳米SiO2添加量为15%(质量分数),糊化温度85 ℃,乳酸钙添加量为3%(质量分数),糊化时间70 min时,复合膜的拉伸强度为14.72 MPa。所制得的复合膜厚度降低了15.79%,不透明度增加了83.54%,水蒸气透过系数降低了37.91%,透油系数降低了38.04%。综上,纳米SiO2的加入能够有效提高膜的综合性能。
A kind of composite film of potato hydroxypropyl starch with good comprehensive performance was prepared by using the novel material of potato hydroxypropyl starch as the base material and nano silicon dioxide as the reinforcing agent. The effects of the addition amount of nano-silica, calcium lactate, gelatinization temperature, and gelatinization time on the mechanical properties of potato hydroxypropyl starch film were studied. Combined with the response surface design experiment, the interaction between the factors was discussed, and the optimal preparation process formula of the composite film was obtained. Fourier infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction analysis was used to characterize the structure of the film, and determine its opacity, water vapor transmittance, oil permeability coefficient, and other physical indicators. Results showed that the tensile strength of the composite film was 14.72 MPa when nano-silica content was 15% (mass fraction), gelatinization temperature was 85 ℃, calcium lactate content was 3% (mass fraction), and gelatinization time was 70 min. The thickness of the composite film decreased by 15.79%, opacity increased by 83.54%, water vapor transmittance decreased by 37.91%, and oil transmittance decreased by 38.04%. In conclusion, the addition of nano-silica could effectively improve the comprehensive properties of the membrane.
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