石蜡切片是观察组织微观结构应用最广泛的一项技术。该文针对干制怀山药硬度高、含水率低的特点,在传统石蜡切片的基础上增加软化预处理过程、加长固定时间等步骤。结果表明:改良技术染色效果很好且可以清楚地观察到组织的微观结构;运用改良技术观察热风干燥、真空干燥、微波真空冷冻干燥怀山药的微观结构,热风干燥与真空干燥组织破坏程度较为相似,其木质纤维破坏严重,组织结构致密,微波真空冷冻干燥木质纤维破坏较少、组织结构较完整。该研究为干燥物料观察微观结构提供了一套具体的操作步骤。
The paraffin section is the most widely used technique for observing microstructure. According to the characteristics of high hardness and low moisture content of dried Dioscorea opposita, the traditional paraffin sectioning technology was improved by adding steps such as softening pretreatment and lengthening fixed time based on traditional paraffin sectioning. The improved technology could observe the microstructure of the tissue and have a good dyeing effect. The microstructure of Dioscorea opposita after hot air drying, vacuum drying, and microwave freeze-drying was observed by improved technology. The structure of hot air drying was similar to vacuum drying, the wood fiber was seriously damaged and the tissue structure was dense. The wood fiber was less damaged and the tissue structure was integrity after microwave vacuum freeze-drying. The study provides a set of specific operation steps for observing the microstructure of dry materials.
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