该文采用葡聚糖硫酸钠(dextran sodium sulfate, DSS)建立小鼠溃疡性结肠炎模型,用美沙拉嗪[mesalazine,200 mg/(kg·d)]和榴莲壳多糖[250 mg/(kg·d)、500 mg/(kg·d)、1 000 mg/(kg·d)]进行干预,检测小鼠体重变化、疾病活动指数(disease activity index, DAI)、结肠长度;使用髓过氧化物酶(myeloperoxidase, MPO)试剂盒测定结肠组织中MPO活性;ELISA法检测炎症因子表达水平;苏木精伊红染色(hematoxylin and eosin staining, H&E)观察结肠组织病理变化,综合评价榴莲壳多糖对小鼠溃疡性结肠炎的保护作用及其作用机制。与DSS组相比,榴莲壳多糖高剂量干预组小鼠体重和结肠长度增加、DAI和结肠重量降低,促炎因子表达水平显著降低(P<0.01),炎性标志物MPO显著降低(P<0.01);与模型组比较,榴莲壳多糖组小鼠肠组织ZO-1、occludin、Claudin-7及E-cadherin蛋白表达水平呈剂量依赖性增加(P<0.05),N-cadherin蛋白表达水平呈剂量依赖性降低(P<0.05),结肠上皮结构改善;在细胞模型中,榴莲壳多糖通过上调E-cadherin蛋白表达水平和下调N-cadherin的蛋白表达水平来修复黏膜损伤并减轻肠道炎症。榴莲壳多糖能改善DSS诱导的小鼠肠黏膜损伤和抗肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor α, TNF-α)诱导的Caco-2细胞上皮屏障功能障碍,对溃疡性结肠炎具有良好的保护作用。
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