西凤酒中微量成分种类丰富,但关于其微量成分的作用及量效关系研究较少。因此,该研究基于细胞和动物实验探讨了西凤酒(以红西凤为代表)中微量成分对LO2细胞和健康小鼠肠道菌群的影响情况。细胞实验结果表明,乙醇浓度越高,细胞增殖抑制率、谷丙转氨酶(alanine aminotransferase,ALT)和谷草转氨酶(aspartate aminotransferase,AST)泄漏量越大,相同乙醇浓度下,红西凤和食用酒精(对照组)干预组之间具有显著性差异(P<0.05)。动物实验结果表明,不同剂量红西凤和食用酒精干预均导致小鼠体重、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high density lipoprotein-cholesterol,HDL-C)含量降低,肝重体重比、AST、ALT、TC、总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、总甘油三酯(total triglycerides,TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein-cholesterol,LDL-C)含量升高,肝脏组织出现不同程度脂肪变性,肠道菌群发生明显变化(门水平上,厚壁菌门与拟杆菌门比例下降;属水平上,乳酸杆菌属、毛螺菌属等相对丰度降低,幽门螺杆菌属、链球菌属等相对丰度增加),LEfSe分析结果显示,小鼠肠道菌群存在的差异与红西凤和食用酒精干预剂量有一定关系,且高剂量干预对小鼠肠道菌群的影响有扩大的趋势,然而同剂量下,红西凤干预对小鼠的损伤程度轻于食用酒精,以低剂量红西凤干预对小鼠的影响最轻,推测红西凤中各微量成分可能通过调节小鼠肠道菌群从而减缓对肝脏的损伤程度。以上结果说明,适量摄入红西凤在一定程度上可以缓解酒精对LO2细胞及小鼠肠道菌群的负面影响,该研究将为西凤酒的健康消费提供理论依据。
There are rich varieties of trace components in Xifeng liquor, but there is little research on the effects and dose-effect relationships of these trace components. Therefore, the effects of trace components in Xifeng liquor (represented by Hongxifeng) on LO2 cells and intestinal flora of healthy mice were investigated based on cell and animal experiments. The results of cell experiments showed that the higher ethanol concentration, the greater the cell inhibition rate, ALT and AST leakage. At the same ethanol concentration, there was a significant difference between Hongxifeng and edible alcohol (control group) intervention groups (P<0.05). The results of animal experiment showed that intervention with different doses of Hongxifeng and edible alcohol could reduce body weight and HDL-C of mice, increase liver weight ratio, AST, ALT, TC, TG, and LDL-C, induce different degrees of steatosis in liver tissues, and significantly change intestinal flora (at the phylum level, the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroides decreased, while at the genus level, the relative abundance of Lactobacillus and Lachnospira decreased, and the relative abundance of Helicobacter and Streptococcus increased). LEfSe analysis results showed that the difference in intestinal flora of mice was related to the intervention dose of Hongxifeng and edible alcohol, and the effect of high-dose intervention on intestinal flora of mice tended to be expanded. However, at the same dose, the damage degree of Hongxifeng intervention on mice was lighter than that of edible alcohol, and the effect of low-dose Hongxifeng intervention on mice was the mildest, suggesting that each trace component in Hongxifeng might regulate the intestinal flora of mice to reduce the damage to the liver. The above results indicated that moderate intake of Hongxifeng could alleviate the negative effects of alcohol on LO2 cells and intestinal flora of mice to a certain extent, and this study would provide a theoretical basis for the healthy consumption of Xifeng liquor.
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