口服抗生素会改变肠道微生物区系的组成。该研究检测了不同抗菌谱抗生素对小鼠肠动力、肠道结构以及肠神经的影响,然后评估了不同来源两歧双歧杆菌对广谱抗生素造成的小鼠肠道结构、功能及肠神经损伤的修复潜力。在第一项研究中,应用抑制G+细菌的抗生素(氨苄青霉素),抑制G-细菌的抗生素(庆大霉素)以及广谱抗生素处理小鼠21 d,对小鼠小肠长度、结肠长度、盲肠重量、小肠推进率、整个肠道转运时间以及结肠肠神经指标进行了检测,结果发现抑制G-细菌的抗生素对肠道结构,功能和肠神经系统的影响显著大于其余2组。在第二项研究中,针对广谱抗生素处理组,应用3株两歧双歧杆菌对其干预7 d,检测两歧双歧杆菌对小鼠肠动力、肠道结构和神经系统的影响情况,结果表明两歧双歧杆菌45M3可通过调节肠道生物屏障修复由广谱抗生素所引起的肠道结构和功能的损伤。综上所述,不同抗菌谱抗生素对小鼠肠道结构、肠动力及肠神经具有不同的影响,其中抑制G-细菌的抗生素影响最大,而两歧双歧杆菌45M3具有修复广谱抗生素所引起的肠道结构和功能损伤的潜力。该研究为服用抗生素后补充益生菌提供了理论依据,也为开发提升国民健康的新型功能食品提供新的思路。
Oral antibiotic administration alters the composition of the intestinal microbiota. In this study, we examined the effects of antibiotics of different antimicrobial profiles on intestinal dynamics, intestinal structure, and intestinal nerves in mice. Then we evaluated the repair potential of different sources of bifidobacteria on intestinal structure, function, and intestinal nerve damage caused by broad-spectrum antibiotics in mice. Firstly, antibiotics inhibiting G+ bacteria (ampicillin), antibiotics inhibiting G- bacteria (gentamicin), and broad-spectrum antibiotics were applied to treat mice for 21 days, and small intestinal length, colonic length, cecum weight, small intestinal propulsion rate, whole intestinal transit time, and colonic enteric nerve indices were examined. The results showed that gentamicin-treated group had significantly greater effects on intestinal structure, function, and enteric neurological effects were significantly greater than those of the remaining two groups. Secondly, three strains of Bifidobacterium bifidum were applied to the broad-spectrum antibiotic-treated group for 7 days, and the effects of them on intestinal dynamics, intestinal structure and the nervous system of mice were examined, and the results showed that B. bifidum 45M3 repaired the damage to intestinal structure and function caused by broad-spectrum antibiotics by modulating the intestinal biological barrier. In conclusion, antibiotics with different antimicrobial profiles have different effects on intestinal structure, intestinal dynamics and intestinal nerves in mice, among which antibiotics that inhibit G- bacteria have the greatest effect, while B. bifidum 45M3 has the potential to repair the structural and functional damage to the intestine caused by broad-spectrum antibiotics. This study provides a theoretical basis for probiotic supplementation after taking antibiotics and a new idea for developing new functional foods to enhance citizen’s health.
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