该研究采用高效液相色谱技术分析红花羊蹄甲花瓣提取物中的花色苷组分,研究红花羊蹄甲花瓣色素的色度、热稳定性,并探讨pH值、温度、光照、金属离子和甜味剂对红花羊蹄甲色素稳定性的影响。结果表明,红花羊蹄甲花瓣的花色苷总含量为11.28 mg/g,主要由矮牵牛花色苷(84.65 μg/g)、飞燕草素-3-O-葡萄糖苷(6 801.12 μg/g)、芍药素-3-O-葡萄糖苷(2 069.49 μg/g)和矢车菊素-3-O-葡萄糖苷(667.9 μg/g)组成。色素的颜色随pH变化而变化,在pH=3时呈鲜红色,pH=7时为蓝紫色。色素的热重剩余量为25.79%,在54.6~111.3 ℃具有良好的热稳定性。在pH=3时,Ca2+、Mg2+、葡萄糖、麦芽糖对色素溶液的稳定性无显著影响;在pH=7时,山梨醇和乳糖未显著影响色素溶液的稳定性,但Fe2+对色素溶液的色泽产生了显著的破坏作用。红花羊蹄甲花瓣含有丰富的花色苷,具有较高稳定性,是一种颇具潜力的植物资源,可用于新型功能性配料及花色苷应用产品的开发。研究结果可为红花羊蹄甲花瓣色素的深加工和在纺织业、食品工业等的广泛应用提供科学依据。
This study analyzed the anthocyanoside component of Bauhinia blakeana Dunn flower extracts by HPLC, investigated the chromaticity and thermal stability of B. blakeana flower pigment, and explored the influences of pH, temperature, light, metal ions, and sweeteners on the stability of B. blakeana flower pigment. The results showed that the total anthocyanin content of the B. blakeana flower pigment was 11.28 mg/g, which was mainly composed of petunia anthocyanin (84.65 μg/g), delphinidin-3-O-glucoside (6 801.12 μg/g), paeoniflorin-3-O-glucoside (2 069.49 μg/g), and centaurea 3-O-glucoside (667.9 μg/g). The color of the pigment varied with pH, being bright red at pH 3 and blue-violet at pH 7. The thermogravimetric residue of the pigment was 25.79%, and it had good thermal stability in the range of 54.6-111.3 ℃. At pH of 3, Ca2+, Mg2+, glucose, and maltose had no significant effect on the stability of the pigment solutions; at pH of 7, sorbitol and lactose had no significant effect on the stability of the pigment solutions, but Fe2+ had a significant destructive effect on the color of the pigment solutions. The B. blakeana flower is rich in anthocyanosides with high stability, which is a promising plant resource for the development of new functional ingredients and anthocyanoside application products. The results of the study can provide a scientific basis for the in-depth processing of B. blakeana flower pigment and its wide application in textile industry and food industries.
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