2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)是世界范围内最普遍代谢性疾病,已成为全球流行的健康问题。豆类为基础的饮食有助于预防和控制T2DM发生及发展。为了研究富含γ-氨基丁酸(γ-aminobutyric acid,GABA)红小豆的健康效应,该研究构建T2DM模型,对富含GABA红小豆膳食干预的小鼠糖脂代谢水平、肝功能相关指标进行分析。结果显示,高剂量富含GABA红小豆组(TF3)对抵抗超重具有一定效果,且可显著降低空腹血糖水平(P<0.05),恢复机体对血糖的调节能力,减轻胰岛素抵抗。与M组相比,各处理组不同程度降低T2DM小鼠血清中总胆固醇、甘油三酯、谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、尿素和肌酐水平,其中TF3及阳性对照组平衡血糖及调节T2DM小鼠肝肾损伤效果更好,同时可缓解高脂饮食造成的肝脏、胰腺和盲肠组织病理性损伤。表明富含GABA红小豆膳食可改善T2DM小鼠糖脂代谢水平,并可缓解肝脏、胰腺和盲肠组织病理性损伤。该研究为富含GABA功能食品研发及应用提供理论依据。
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the most prevalent metabolic disease in the world and has become a global epidemic health problem.A legume-based diet can help prevent and control the onset and development of T2DM.To study the health effects of rich γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) adzuki beans, this study, through the establishment of the T2DM model, analyzed the level of glucose and lipid metabolism and related indexes of liver function in mice with GABA-rich adzuki beans.Results showed that the high dose of GABA-rich adzuki beans (TF3) had a certain effect on the resistance to overweight, and could significantly reduce the level of fasting blood glucose (P<0.05), restore the body′s ability to regulate blood glucose, and alleviate insulin resistance.Compared with the M group, the levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, urea, and creatinine in the serum of T2DM mice were reduced to different degrees in each treatment group, and TF3 and the positive control group had better effects on balancing blood glucose and regulating liver and kidney injury of T2DM mice and could alleviate the pathological injury of liver, pancreas and cecum tissue caused by high-fat diet.Results indicated that a diet rich in GABA adzuki beans could improve the level of small glucose and lipid metabolism, and alleviate the pathological injury of liver, pancreas and cecum tissue, providing a theoretical basis for the development and application of GABA-rich functional foods.
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