在目前的Ⅱ型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes,T2DM)研究领域中,由于青稞具有低糖指数和富含膳食纤维的特性,吸引了广泛的科学关注,并有望成为改善血糖控制的潜在策略。该研究旨在探讨青稞汁及其乳酸发酵饮品对db/db小鼠糖脂代谢的调节效果和肠道菌群的影响。对25只db/db小鼠进行为期4周的青稞饮品干预,监测体重、血糖相关生化指标和微生物多样性。结果表明,青稞汁及其乳酸发酵饮品通过不同机制调节小鼠的血糖和血脂水平。乳酸发酵饮品在血糖控制上表现出显著效果,同时改善了血脂代谢,降低了甘油三酯和总胆固醇水平,并促使肠道中有益菌群的富集。综上所述,研究深入剖析了青稞汁及其乳酸发酵饮品与糖脂代谢的潜在联系,为T2DM的治疗和管理提供了新的思路和方向。
Research in the realm of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has recently highlighted highland barley as a promising dietary intervention due to its low glycemic index and high fiber content.This study investigated the effects of highland barley juice and its lactic acid-fermented derivative on glucose and lipid metabolism, as well as their influence on gut microbiota in db/db mice.Over a four-week period, 25 db/db mice received these barley-based interventions, with subsequent assessments of body weight, glycemic biomarkers, and microbial diversity.The findings revealed distinct mechanisms by which highland barley juice and its lactic acid-fermented counterpart modulate blood glucose and lipid profiles.The fermented beverage, in particular, demonstrated significant glycemic control, alongside improvements in lipid metabolism indicated by reduced triglyceride and total cholesterol levels.Additionally, it was associated with an increase in beneficial gut microbial populations.In essence, this study elucidated the differential impact of highland barley juice and its fermented version on metabolic parameters in T2DM, suggesting a beneficial role in disease management.The results advocated for further exploration into the use of highland barley-based products as a dietary strategy for improving T2DM outcomes.This work not only contributes to the understanding of functional foods in glycemic regulation but also underscores the potential synergistic relationship between diet, metabolic health, and gut microbiota composition.
[1] AHMAD E, LIM S, LAMPTEY R, et al.Type 2 diabetes[J].Lancet, 2022, 400(10365):1803-1820.
[2] KELSEY M D, NELSON A J, GREEN J B, et al.Guidelines for cardiovascular risk reduction in patients with type 2 diabetes JACC guideline comparison[J].Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2022, 79(18):1849-1857.
[3] NORTON L, SHANNON C, GASTALDELLI A, et al.Insulin:The master regulator of glucose metabolism[J].Metabolism, 2022, 129:155142.
[4] DEMIR S, NAWROTH P P, HERZIG S, et al.Emerging targets in type 2 diabetes and diabetic complications[J].Advanced Science, 2021, 8(18):e2100275.
[5] YUN J S, KO S H.Current trends in epidemiology of cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular risk management in type 2 diabetes[J].Metabolism, 2021, 123:154838.
[6] 阎莹莹, 张文会.不同剥皮率对两个品种青稞粉营养品质及其产品的影响[J].食品研究与开发, 2023, 44(15):30-36.
YAN Y Y, ZHANG W H.Effects of different peeling rates on nutritional quality and noodle products of two varieties of highland barley[J].Food Research and Development, 2023, 44(15):30-36.
[7] XIE J J, HONG Y, GU Z B, et al.Highland barley starch:Structures, properties, and applications[J].Foods, 2023, 12(2):387.
[8] 傅金凤, 涂师运, 王娟, 等.美食蕉的降血糖活性及其对糖脂代谢指标、激素的影响[J].食品科学, 2022, 43(19):165-173.
FU J F, TU S Y, WANG J, et al.Anti-hyperglycemic activity and effects of plantain on glucolipid metabolism indices and hormones[J].Food Science, 2022, 43(19):165-173.
[9] 王妍凌, 薛洁, 赵昊, 等.高通量测序分析新疆不同产区葡萄酒对大鼠肠道菌群多样性的影响[J].中国酿造, 2023, 42(2):83-88.
WANG Y L, XUE J, ZHAO H, et al.Effect of wine from different regions in Xinjiang on intestinal flora diversity in rats based on high-throughput sequencing technology[J].China Brewing, 2023, 42(2):83-88.
[10] GÜEMES M, RAHMAN S A, HUSSAIN K.What is a normal blood glucose?[J].Archives of Disease in Childhood, 2016, 101(6):569-574.
[11] FELBER J P, FERRANNINI E, GOLAY A, et al.Role of lipid oxidation in pathogenesis of insulin resistance of obesity and type Ⅱ diabetes[J].Diabetes, 1987, 36(11):1341-1350.
[12] 沈鑫婷, 姜秀杰, 许庆鹏, 等.发芽绿豆多酚提取物对T2DM小鼠糖脂代谢的改善作用[J].中国食品学报, 2023, 23(6):132-139.
SHEN X T, JIANG X J, XU Q P, et al.The ameliorative effect of polyphenol extract from sprouting mung bean on glycolipid metabolism in type 2 diabetic mice[J].Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science and Technology, 2023, 23(6):132-139.
[13] HUANG M, ZHAO P, XIONG M R, et al.Antidiabetic activity of perylenequinonoid-rich extract from Shiraia bambusicola in KK-Ay mice with spontaneous type 2 diabetes mellitus[J].Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2016, 191:71-81.
[14] 钟浩, 王俭, 冯凤琴, 等.高脂膳食、肠道菌群和胆汁酸代谢与胰岛素抵抗之间关系的研究进展[J].中国食品学报, 2023, 9(3):347-364.
ZHONG H, WANG J, FENG F Q, et al.Research progress on the relationship between high-fat diet, intestinal flora, bile acid metabolism and insulin resistance[J].Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science and Technology, 2023, 9(3):347-364.
[15] DELEDDA A, PALMAS V, HEIDRICH V, et al.Dynamics of gut microbiota and clinical variables after ketogenic and Mediterranean diets in drug-Naïve patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity[J].Metabolites, 2022, 12(11):1092.
[16] RODRIGUES V F, ELIAS-OLIVEIRA J, PEREIRA Í S, et al.Akkermansia muciniphila and gut immune system:A good friendship that attenuates inflammatory bowel disease, obesity, and diabetes[J].Frontiers in Immunology, 2022, 13:934695.
[17] 周彤, 潘道勇, 滕兆林.乳酸菌改善糖尿病代谢作用机制研究进展[J].食品安全质量检测学报, 2021, 12(9):3592-3597.
ZHOU T, PAN D Y, TENG Z L.Research progress on the mechanism of lactic acid bacteria improving diabetes[J].Journal of Food Safety & Quality, 2021, 12(9):3592-3597.
[18] SMITH B J, MILLER R A, SCHMIDT T M.Muribaculaceae genomes assembled from metagenomes suggest genetic drivers of differential response to acarbose treatment in mice[J].mSphere, 2021, 6(6):e0085121.
[19] ZAFAR H, SAIER M H Jr.Gut Bacteroides species in health and disease[J].Gut Microbes, 2021,13(1):1-20.
[20] WEI W, JIANG W B, TIAN Z, et al.Streptococcus and g.Eubacterium_coprostanoligenes_group combined with sphingosine to modulate the serum dyslipidemia in high-fat diet mice[J].Clinical Nutrition, 2021, 40(6):4234-4245.
[21] SHI H L, YU Y H, LIN D H, et al.β-glucan attenuates cognitive impairment via the gut-brain axis in diet-induced obese mice[J].Microbiome, 2020, 8(1):143.
