该研究以发芽芸豆为原料进行谷氨酸钠(monosodium glutamate,MSG)协同低温冻融处理,对处理前后谷氨酸脱羧酶(glutamate decarboxylase,GAD)、二胺氧化酶(diamine oxidase,DAO)和多胺氧化酶(polyamine oxidase,PAO)活性进行测定,并利用非靶向代谢组学对MSG协同低温冻融促进发芽芸豆富集γ-氨基丁酸(γ-aminobutyric acid,GABA)的机理进行研究。结果表明,MSG协同低温冻融可以显著促进发芽芸豆GABA的富集,处理后GABA含量为仅发芽处理组的3.33倍。发芽芸豆在MSG协同低温冻融处理后GAD活性未发生显著变化、DAO活性和PAO活性显著降低。非靶向代谢组学研究发现,MSG协同低温冻融会引起发芽芸豆体内氨基酸、脂质和碳水化合物类代谢物质变化,并主要通过调节精氨酸和脯氨酸代谢途径、β-丙氨酸代谢途径、烟酸和烟酰胺代谢途、丙氨酸、天冬氨酸和谷氨酸代谢途、丁酸代谢途径促进GABA的合成。
This study used germinated kidney beans as the raw materials for the synergy treatment of monosodium glutamate (MSG) and low-temperature freeze-thaw, the glutamate decarboxylase (GAD), diamine oxidase (DAO), polyamine oxidase (PAO) activity before and after treatment were determined, and an untargeted metabolomics analysis was used to investigate the mechanism of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) enrichment in germinated kidney beans with synergy treatment of MSG and low-temperature free-thaw.Results showed that the synergy treatment of MSG and low-temperature freeze-thaw could promote GABA enrichment in germinated kidney beans, in which the GABA content was 3.33 times higher than that of germinated kidney beans only.Meanwhile, the synergy treatment of MSG and low-temperature freeze-thaw had no significant effect on GAD activity in germinated kidney beans, while decreasing DAO activity and PAO activity significantly.Untargeted metabolomics studies found that the synergy treatment of MSG and low temperature freeze-thaw could change the amino acids, lipids and carbohydrate metabolites in germinated kidney beans, indicating that GABA enrichment mainly by regulating the pathways of arginine and proline metabolism, β-alanine metabolism, nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism, alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, and butanoate metabolism.
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