食品与发酵工业 >

2025 , Vol. 51 >Issue 7: 276 - 285

DOI: https://doi.org/10.13995/j.cnki.11-1802/ts.039851

研究报告

脐橙皮果胶的提取、结构特征及流变特性

  • 干鸿翔 ,
  • 杨笑妮 ,
  • 谢凡 ,
  • 艾连中 ,
  • 张汇
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  • (上海理工大学 健康科学与工程学院,上海食品微生物工程技术研究中心,上海,200093)
第一作者:本科生(张汇副教授为通信作者,E-mail:zhh8672@126.com)

收稿日期: 2024-05-12

  修回日期: 2024-06-04

  网络出版日期: 2025-04-29

基金资助

“十四五”国家重点研发计划专项(2023YFF1103600)

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Extraction, structural characterization and rheological properties of pectin from navel orange peels

  • GAN Hongxiang ,
  • YANG Xiaoni ,
  • XIE Fan ,
  • AI Lianzhong ,
  • ZHANG Hui
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  • (Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China)

Received date: 2024-05-12

  Revised date: 2024-06-04

  Online published: 2025-04-29

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摘要

随着脐橙产业规模的扩大,对脐橙副产物的开发利用意义重大。该研究以脐橙果皮副产物为原料,通过响应面分析优化脐橙皮果胶(pectin from navel orange peels,NOP)的提取工艺,研究NOP的分子质量、结构特征及其流变特性。结果表明:NOP最优提取条件为提取温度90 ℃、提取时间110 min、料液比1∶29(g∶mL)、pH 1.4,在该条件下,NOP提取率可达28.99%。结构分析表明NOP是一类以线性半乳糖醛酸聚糖为主,支化度较低的低酯果胶,分子质量为135.4 kDa,在溶液中呈紧凑的无规线团。NOP在水溶液中呈剪切稀化的假塑性流体,具有一定的浓度依赖性,对温度和碱性环境较敏感,但具有良好的热可逆性和耐酸性;动态流变表明NOP具有良好的成胶性,增加浓度和低浓度Ca2+可提高其成胶能力,但升温和较高浓度的Ca2+则会降低其黏弹性。该研究表明NOP具有良好的增稠性和成胶性,为NOP的应用和脐橙高值化开发提供了理论依据。

关键词： 脐橙; 果胶; 提取; 结构特征; 流变特性

本文引用格式

干鸿翔 , 杨笑妮 , 谢凡 , 艾连中 , 张汇 . 脐橙皮果胶的提取、结构特征及流变特性[J]. 食品与发酵工业, 2025 , 51(7) : 276 -285 . DOI: 10.13995/j.cnki.11-1802/ts.039851

Abstract

The utilization of by-products is crucial for the development of navel orange industry.In this study, the extraction process of pectin from navel orange peels (NOP) was optimized using response surface analysis, and the molecular weight, structural characteristics and rheological properties of NOP were investigated.The optimal extraction conditions for NOP were determined as extraction temperature of 90 ℃, extraction time of 110 min, solid-liquid ratio of 1∶29(g∶mL), and pH 1.4, resulting in an extraction yield of 28.99%.NOP was characterized as a low-branched, low methoxyl pectin (LMP) with a major composition of linear homogalacturonan (HG) and a molecular weight of 135.4 kDa.It presented as a compact random coil in solution.Rheological analysis demonstrated that NOP behaved as a shear-thinning pseudoplastic fluid in aqueous solution, showing concentration dependence and sensitivity to temperature and alkaline environments.However, it exhibited good thermal reversibility and acid resistance.Dynamic rheology revealed that NOP possessed excellent gelling property, which could be enhanced by increasing concentration and low concentrations of Ca2+, but diminished by high temperature and concentration of Ca2+.Overall, NOP exhibited good thickening and gelling properties, providing a theoretical basis for its applications and the development of high-value products derived from navel oranges.

Key words： navel orange; pectin; extraction; structural features; rheological property

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